Table 2.

Selected findings on brief screening tools for alcohol use disorders

Instrument	Positive result	Sensitivity	Specificity	Study populations
AUDIT	≥ 8	Range	Range	Systematic review of primary care studies [21]
(10 items)*		61 to 96	85 to 96
CAGE	≥ 2	Range	Range	Systematic review of primary care studies [21]
(4 items)		77 to 94	79 to 97
RAPS4	≥ 1	93	87	Emergency department patients [40]
(4 items)

*AUDIT includes the AUDIT-C and can be used to screen for unhealthy alcohol use. Similarly, screens in Table 1 can be combined with screens in Table 2 to jointly screen for unhealthy alcohol use and alcohol use disorders.