Figure 3.

Effect of additional LhLDH copies in PDC positive strain background. (A), LDH enzyme activity (U/mg soluble protein) after 20 h (white bars) and 40 h (black bars) cultivation, (B), lactic acid (g/l) and (C), ethanol (g/l) production, and (D), glucose consumption (g/l) in transformants containing 1 (⋄), 2 (□), or 3 (■) copies of the LhLDH gene integrated into unknown sites in the C. sonorensis genome. The YP+ 5% (w/v) glucose medium was initially inoculated to an OD₆₀₀ of 0.1. Data are means ± SEM (n=2-4). Where no error bars are seen, SEM was less than the size of the symbol.