Skip to main content
letter
. 2013 Apr 25;108(11):2329–2333. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.191

Table 2. Multivariable analysis of the features of specific TYA cancers: (A) leukaemia, (B) lymphoma, (C) CNS tumours and (D) bone tumour/soft tissue sarcoma.

(A) Leukaemia
  Cases(N=143) Control(N=1799)  
Symptoma Freq. % Freq. % OR 95% Confidence interval P-value LR 95% Confidence interval PPV (per 10 000) 95% Confidence interval
Lymphadenopathyb
 7
 4.90
 3
 0.17
 7.65
 1.55–37.72
 0.0124
 29.35
 7.67–112.30
 1.51
 0.40–5.78
Fatigue
 15
 10.49
 8
 0.44
 12.69
 4.48–35.96
 <0.0001
 23.59
 10.17–54.69
 1.21
 0.52–2.82
Bruising
 9
 6.29
 5
 0.28
 24.72
 4.71–129.78
 <0.0002
 22.64
 7.69–66.67
 1.17
 0.40–3.43
Three or more consultations 74 51.75 125 6.95 5.92 3.71–9.44 <0.0001 7.45 5.91–9.39 0.38 0.30–0.48
(B) Lymphoma
  Cases(N=270) Control(N=3350)  
Symptoma Freq. % Freq. % OR 95% Confidence interval P-value LR 95% Confidence interval PPV (per 10 000) 95% Confidence interval
Lump mass swelling head and neck
 35
 12.96
 1
 0.03
 71.85
 8.98–575.07
 0.0001
 434.26
 59.72–3157.62
 50.34
 6.96–367.86
Lymphadenopathy
 77
 28.52
 4
 0.12
 184.46
 40.65–837.06
 <0.0001
 238.84
 88.09–647.59
 27.75
 10.26–75.44
Lump mass swellingc
 29
 10.74
 15
 0.45
 14.08
 5.33–37.19
 <0.0001
 23.99
 13.02–44.19
 2.79
 1.52–5.15
Three or more consultations 175 64.81 294 8.78 7.67 4.92–11.95 <0.0001 7.39 6.42–8.50 0.86 0.75–0.99
(C) CNS tumours
  Cases(N=154) Control(N=1906)  
Symptoma Freq. % Freq. % OR 95% Confidence interval P-value LR 95% Confidence interval PPV (per 10 000) 95% Confidence interval
Seizure
 18
 11.69
 4
 0.21
 17.5
 5.12–59.83
 <0.0001
 55.69
 19.09–162.52
 2.38
 0.82–6.95
Headache
 33
 21.43
 12
 0.63
 18.91
 7.11–50.25
 <0.0001
 34.04
 17.95–64.55
 1.45
 0.77–2.76
Vomiting
 11
 7.14
 5
 0.26
 7.31
 1.65–32.47
 0.0089
 27.23
 9.58–77.37
 1.16
 0.41–3.31
Pain
 11
 7.14
 20
 1.05
 6.11
 2.25–16.57
 0.0004
 6.81
 3.32–13.95
 0.29
 0.14–0.6
Three or more consultations 73 47.4 165 8.66 3.04 1.82–5.09 <0.0001 5.48 4.39–6.83 0.23 0.19–0.29
(D) Bone tumours/soft tissue sarcoma
  Cases(N=196) Control(N=2438)  
Symptoma Freq. % Freq. % OR 95% Confidence interval P-value LR 95% Confidence interval PPV (per 10 000) 95% Confidence interval
Lump mass swelling
 19
 9.69
 3
 0.12
 39.62
 8.17–192.1
 <0.0001
 78.78
 23.52–263.91
 4.15
 1.24–13.92
Musculoskeletal symptoms
 37
 18.88
 26
 1.07
 8.37
 4.18–16.76
 <0.0002
 17.7
 10.95–28.61
 0.93
 0.58–1.51
Three or more consultations
 86
 43.88
 189
 7.75
 3.88
 2.48–6.06
 <0.0003
 5.66
 4.59–6.98
 0.3
 0.24–0.37
Chest painb 5 2.55 12 0.49 5.15 1.47–17.99 0.0103 5.18 1.84–14.56 0.27 0.1–0.77

Abbreviations: CNS=central nervous system; Freq.=frequency; LR=likelihood ratio; OR=odds ratio; PPV=positive predictive value; TYA= teenagers and young adults.

a

Symptoms are ordered by PPV.

b

Has a P-value below the threshold, but is needed in the model based on the LR test.

c

Lump mass swelling below neck not including abdomen.