Table 1.

The most common birth defects in children under 1 year of age admitted to Ecuadorian hospitals

Rank	Code	Description	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	Total	%	BPR
1	Q369	Cleft lip, unilateral	208	195	137	112	143	138	126	1059	6.35	4.57
2	Q249	Congenital malformation of heart, unspecified	131	119	143	177	139	132	135	976	5.85	4.21
3	Q039	Hydrocephalus	113	0	163	130	173	135	161	875	5.25	3.77
4	Q909	Down’s syndrome	109	137	127	127	122	134	102	858	5.14	3.70
5	Q250	Patent ductus arteriosus	68	95	55	69	68	95	57	507	3.04	2.19
6	Q059	Spina bifida, unspecified	88	117	64	53	66	55	54	497	2.98	2.14
7	Q359	Cleft palate, unilateral	71	64	71	54	45	67	70	442	2.65	1.91
8	Q400	Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis	62	66	36	53	66	61	64	408	2.45	1.76
9	Q750	Craniosynostosis	38	34	40	78	62	61	90	403	2.42	1.74
10	Q899	Congenital malformation, unspecified	39	24	59	113	68	70	24	397	2.38	1.71
11	Q205	Discordant atrioventricular connection	95	108	37	38	33	30	49	390	2.34	1.68
12	Q379	Unspecified cleft palate with unilateral cleft lip	39	56	51	57	71	61	31	366	2.19	1.58
13	Q423	Imperforate anus	47	58	38	37	24	41	40	285	1.71	1.23
14	Q539	Undescended testicle, unspecified	33	26	37	29	57	59	39	280	1.68	1.21
15	Q170	Microtia	6	26	32	51	40	50	71	276	1.65	1.19
16	Q439	Congenital malformation of intestine, unspecified	32	39	38	38	38	46	42	273	1.64	1.18
17	Q663	Other congenital varus deformities of feet	60	32	30	27	31	41	51	272	1.63	1.17
18	Q699	Polydactyly, unspecified	39	39	27	31	40	46	36	258	1.55	1.11
19	Q652	Congenital luxation of the hip	21	42	37	36	22	29	37	224	1.34	0.97
20	Q390	Atresia of esophagus without fistula	26	43	25	25	36	33	27	215	1.29	0.93
21	Q212	Atrioventricular septal defect	10	15	18	20	27	82	33	205	1.23	0.88
22	Q999	Chromosomal abnormality, unspecified	11	16	9	33	30	103	3	205	1.23	0.88
23	Q043	Other reduction deformities of brain	8	38	35	32	37	22	25	197	1.18	0.85
24	Q381	Ankyloglossia	20	15	21	25	19	34	53	187	1.12	0.81
25	Q793	Gastroschisis	9	14	32	29	29	43	26	182	1.09	0.78
26	Q248	Other specified congenital malformations of heart	15	33	24	13	11	65	9	170	1.02	0.73
27	Q668	Clubfoot NOS (not otherwise specified)	24	19	21	26	32	20	21	163	0.98	0.70
28	Q213	Tetralogy of Fallot	17	32	16	9	29	25	21	149	0.89	0.64
29	Q658	Other congenital deformities of hip	17	22	15	31	12	32	16	145	0.87	0.63
30	Q419	Congenital absence, atresia and stenosis of small intestine, part unspecified	13	21	29	17	25	27	12	144	0.86	0.62
31	Q211	Atrial septal defect	0	12	10	23	24	34	35	138	0.83	0.59
32	Q02	Microcephaly	6	14	22	28	16	16	36	138	0.83	0.59
33	Q660	Talipes equinovarus	10	25	19	11	18	9	36	128	0.77	0.55
34	Q019	Encephalocele	7	15	14	14	14	29	18	111	0.67	0.48
35	Q790	Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	15	10	16	13	20	13	22	109	0.65	0.47
36	Q410	Congenital absence, atresia and stenosis of duodenum	13	11	12	9	15	17	27	104	0.62	0.45
37	Q203	Transposition of great vessels	18	17	12	12	10	19	11	99	0.59	0.43
38	Q212	Atrioventricular septal defect	0	23	10	16	14	17	16	96	0.58	0.41
39	Q897	Multiple congenital malformations, not elsewhere classified	11	12	15	18	9	20	9	94	0.56	0.41
40	Q031	Atresia of foramina of Magendie and Luschka	33	21	12	15	0	7	0	88	0.53	0.38
41	Q792	Exomphalos	9	12	15	11	13	17	11	88	0.53	0.38
42	Q228	Other congenital malformations of tricuspid valve	10	13	25	10	13	11	5	87	0.52	0.38
43	Q431	Hirschsprung’s disease	17	9	15	7	10	11	16	85	0.51	0.37
44	Q620	Congenital hydronephrosis	7	15		17	14	21	9	83	0.50	0.36
45	Q054	Unspecified spina bifida with hydrocephalus	15	14	13	8	13	3	15	81	0.49	0.35
46	Q000	Anencephaly	10	11	12	14	17	8	8	80	0.48	0.34
47	Q378	Unspecified cleft palate with bilateral cleft lip	7	8	19	13	7	11	7	72	0.43	0.31
48	Q224	Congenital tricuspid stenosis	16	11	10	8	13	7	6	71	0.43	0.31
49	Q223	Other congenital malformations of pulmonary valve	2	0	0	0	19	44	2	67	0.40	0.29
50	Q255	Atresia of pulmonary artery	12	13	11	8	6	8	7	65	0.39	0.28
		Subtotal	1687	1811	1729	1825	1860	2159	1821	12892	77	55.58
		Remain birth defects	460	702	511	442	624	605	543	3887	23	16.76
		Overall	2147	2513	2240	2267	2484	2764	2364	16779	100	72.33

Notes: BPR = birth prevalence rate calculated with 2,319,737 births in the 7 years analyzed; BPR by 10,000 total births.