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. 2013 Jun 13;8(6):e65177. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065177

Table 3. Multivariate analysis of mean (95% confidence interval) differences in structural CT changes (emphysema. airway wall thickening and gas trapping) according to classification of airflow limitation correcting for age, height, BMI, packyears and respiratory symptoms.

FEV1/FVC <70%, but>LLN FEV1/FVC <70%, and <LLN
15th percentile −8.1 (−10.9–−5.3)# 15th percentile −16.45 (−19.36–−13.5) #
log950% 0.58 (0.43–0.73)# log950% 1.37 (1.25–1.56)#
E/I-ratio% 3.25 (2.32–4.27)# E/I-ratio% 6.27 (5.32–7.22)#
Pi10 [millimeters] 0.22 (0.14–0.29)# Pi10 [millimeters] 0.51 (0.43–0.59)#

The group FEV1/FVC >70% was used as reference. # p<0.001 Log950% =  log-transformed percentage of voxels below HU -950. E/I-ratio% =  expiratory mean lung density in HU divided by the inspiratory mean lung density in HU expressed as a percentage. Pi10 =  the square root of wall area for a theoretical airway with 10 mm lumen perimeter.