Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients in the fluoroquinolone and nonfluoroquinolone groups on ICU admission
| Fluoroquinolone (n = 43) | Nonfluoroquinolone (n = 34) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 72.9 ± 12.4 | 76.2 ± 14.5 | 0.28 |
| Male | 33 (77) | 26 (77) | 0.99 |
| Underlying diseases | 41 (95) | 33 (97) | >0.99 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (28) | 6 (18) | 0.29 |
| COPD | 5 (12) | 9 (27) | 0.09 |
| Malignancy | 8 (19) | 5 (15) | 0.65 |
| Autoimmune disease | 2 (5) | 1 (3) | 0.7 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| HIV | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | |
| Initial symptoms | |||
| Respiratory symptoms | 40 (93) | 32 (94) | >0.99 |
| Fever | 27 (63) | 12 (35) | 0.02 |
| Consciousness disturbance | 11 (26) | 4 (12) | 0.13 |
| APACHE score | 21.2 ± 7.1 | 22.5 ± 7.5 | 0.46 |
| Arterial pH | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 0.19 |
| Serum sodium | 136.6 ± 6.7 | 135.0 ± 8.5 | 0.35 |
| Serum potassium | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 0.26 |
| Serum creatinine | 1.8 ± 1.7 | 1.9 ± 1.8 | 0.87 |
| Hematocrit | 32.5 ± 6.8 | 32.6 ± 5.6 | 0.93 |
| Leukocyte count (103/μl) | 13.9 ± 8.5 | 12.8 ± 7.2 | 0.53 |
| FiO2 ³50% | 32 (74) | 20 (59) | 0.22 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 0.29 |
| Bacteremia in ICUa | 5 (12) | 6 (18) | >0.99 |
| SOFA score | 8.0 ± 3.6 | 7.3 ± 3.9 | 0.47 |
| Radiographic findings | |||
| Bilateral involvement | 34 (79) | 27 (79) | >0.99 |
| Cavitation | 3 (7) | 0 (0) | 0.25 |
| Miliary | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | >0.99 |
| Pleural effusion | 21 (49) | 21 (62) | 0.36 |
| Smear-positive for acid-fast bacilli | 3 (7) | 5 (15) | 0.47 |
| Steroid use | 21 (49) | 19 (56) | 0.65 |
| Undergone bronchoscopy | 5 (12) | 5 (15) | 0.95 |
Data presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation. APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FiO2, the fraction of inspired oxygen; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. aBlood culture was positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two patients, Acinetobacter baumannii in two patients, and for Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Corynebacterium spp., Burkholderia cepacia, Candida parapsilosis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum in one patient each. Two patients had more than one pathogen.