Table 1.

Examples of phrases for each experimental condition used in the experimental task

IM phrases	EM phrases	Neutral phrases
Writing an enjoyable paper	Writing an extra-credit paper	Writing a class paper
Working with freedom	Working for incentives	Working with time to spare
Participating in a fun project	Participating in a money-making project	Participating in a routine project
Having options and choices	Having prizes and awards	Having things to do
Studying for fun	Studying for a grade	Studying because it is time
Feeling curious	Feeling rewarded	Feeling neutral
Feeling interested	Anticipating a prize	Feeling normal