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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Dec 24;122(1):9–18. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.12.001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

GFRα1 and Ret-mediated GDNF signaling pathways. Ligation of GDNF to GPI-anchored GFRα1 (cis signaling) or soluble GFRα1 (trans signaling) increases the affinity of GFRα1 for Ret, inducing its recruitment and dimerization. Ret is activated by autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues shown in red, leading to the activation (in green) of several signaling pathways, such as the MAPK (ERK1/2), PI3K and PLCγ pathways. MEK: MAPK/ERK kinase. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)