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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Retin Eye Res. 2008 May 28;27(4):331–371. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.05.001

Figure 12.

Figure 12

Proposed role of STAT3 in oxidative stress-induced upregulation of VEGF. Oxidative stress can activate STAT3 by phosphorylation of tyrosine 705 within the activation domain. STAT3 activation may lead to VEGF production in response to both inflammatory and hypoxic stimuli.