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. 2013 Jul 5;368(1621):20130122. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0122

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© 2013 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 2. — Biotic and abiotic processes of nitrous oxide (N₂O). Processes potentially leading to N₂O formation and consumption, involved N compounds, their reaction pathways as well as their oxidation states are shown. According to current knowledge, anaerobic ammonia oxidation does not contribute to N₂O formation or consumption. By contrast, N₂O may at least serve as a substrate for biological dinitrogen fixation. Processes predominantly requiring anaerobic (or micro-aerobic) conditions are underlined by grey illuminated segments. Norg/R-NH₂, monomeric organically bound N forms; NH₄⁺, ammonium; NH₃, ammonia; NH₂OH, hydroxylamine; NO₂⁻, nitrite; NO₃⁻, nitrate; NO, nitric oxide; N₂O, nitrous oxide; N₂, molecular dinitrogen. DNRA, Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium.