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. 2013 Jul 5;368(1621):20130122. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0122

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Biotic and abiotic processes of nitrous oxide (N2O). Processes potentially leading to N2O formation and consumption, involved N compounds, their reaction pathways as well as their oxidation states are shown. According to current knowledge, anaerobic ammonia oxidation does not contribute to N2O formation or consumption. By contrast, N2O may at least serve as a substrate for biological dinitrogen fixation. Processes predominantly requiring anaerobic (or micro-aerobic) conditions are underlined by grey illuminated segments. Norg/R-NH2, monomeric organically bound N forms; NH4+, ammonium; NH3, ammonia; NH2OH, hydroxylamine; NO2, nitrite; NO3, nitrate; NO, nitric oxide; N2O, nitrous oxide; N2, molecular dinitrogen. DNRA, Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium.