Table 4.
Pre- and Postoperative Predictors of Alcohol Use Disorder in the First or Second Postoperative Year
| Characteristics | Group N | n(%) | Adjusted OR(95%CI) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| 1 year pre-op | 2 year pre-op | 1 year pre-op | 2 year pre-op | |||
| Preoperative | ||||||
| Female sex | 1454 | 1454 | 94(6.5) | 110(7.6) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Male sex | 386 | 386 | 38(9.8) | 45(11.7) | 2.30(1.63–3.26) | <.0001 |
| Age*AUD interaction | - | - | - | - | - | 0.03 |
| Age, per 10 years youngerb | - | - | - | - | - | <.0001 |
| Age, per 10 years younger with AUD | - | - | - | - | 1.32(1.03–1.69) | 0.03 |
| Age, per 10 years younger without AUD | - | - | - | - | 1.80(1.53–2.13) | <.0001 |
| Non-smoker | 1800 | 1800 | 125(6.9) | 148(8.2) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Smoker | 40 | 40 | 7(17.5) | 7(17.5) | 1.51(0.64–3.55) | 0.34 |
| Does not consume alcohol regularly | 1709 | 1709 | 88(5.2) | 108(6.3) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Regular (≥2/week) alcohol consumption | 131 | 131 | 44(33.6) | 47(35.9) | 7.60(4.94–11.68) | <.0001 |
| No Alcohol Use Disorder | 1695 | 1695 | 72(4.3) | 93(5.5) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Alcohol Use Disorderc | 145 | 145 | 60(41.4) | 62(42.8) | - | 0.17 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder at age 20 | - | - | - | - | 4.54(2.15–9.56) | <.0001 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder at age 45 | - | - | - | - | 9.90(6.82–14.38) | <.0001 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder at age 60 | - | - | - | - | 15.82(8.47–29.57) | <.0001 |
| No recreational drug use | 1759 | 1759 | 117(6.7) | 135(7.7) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Recreational drug use | 81 | 81 | 15(18.5) | 20(24.7) | 1.10(0.57–2.09) | 0.78 |
| ISEL belonging score, per 1 point lower | - | - | - | - | 1.07(1.01–1.13) | 0.03 |
| SF-36 Mental component score, per 10 fewer points | - | - | - | - | 0.99(0.83–1.17) | 0.87 |
| No treatment for psychiatric or emotional problems | 788 | 788 | 51(6.5) | 66(8.4) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Treatment for psychiatric or emotional problems | 1052 | 1052 | 81(7.7) | 89(8.5) | 0.65(0.45–0.94) | 0.02 |
| Surgical Procedure | <.01 | |||||
| Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band | 470 | 470 | 24(5.1) | 27(5.7) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Roux-en-Y gastric bypass | 1286 | 1286 | 103(8.0) | 122(9.5) | 2.12(1.43–3.15) | <.001 |
| Banded gastric bypass | 26 | 26 | 1(3.9) | 0(0.0) | 0.24(0.02–2.55) | 0.24d |
| Sleeve gastrectomy | 43 | 43 | 1(2.3) | 3(7.0) | 0.84(0.26–2.78) | 0.77d |
| Biliopancreatic diversion with switch | 15 | 15 | 3(20.0) | 3(20.0) | 1.82(0.39–8.55) | 0.45d |
| Postoperative | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1541 | 1356 | 106(6.9) | 118(8.7) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Smoker | 133 | 150 | 25(18.8) | 36(24.0) | 1.83(1.22–2.76) | <.01 |
| No past-year recreational drug use | 1610 | 1438 | 112(7.0) | 128(8.9) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Past-year recreational drug use | 63 | 60 | 19(30.2) | 27(45.0) | 3.09(1.76–5.43) | <.0001 |
| SF-36 Mental component score, per 10 fewer points | - | - | - | - | 1.28(1.12–1.45) | <.001 |
| No treatment for psychiatric or emotional problems | 1029 | 896 | 69(6.7) | 77(8.6) | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Treatment for psychiatric or emotional problems | 639 | 591 | 62(9.7) | 77(13.0) | 1.73(1.23–2.45) | <.01 |
| Time | ||||||
| First postoperative year | 1840 | - | 132(7.2) | - | 1 [Reference] | - |
| Second postoperative year | - | 1840 | - | 155(8.4) | 1.55(1.24–1.95) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: Alcohol Use Disorder, AUD CI, confidence interval, OR, odds ratio, ISEL, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List
a
Odds ratios and associated 95% CIs were adjusted for all other variables in the table. N=1840 of 1933 due to missing covariate data.
b
OR differs by AUD status.
c
OR differs by age. Three examples are provided. The reference category for each is no AUD at the same age.
d
Analysis is underpowered to detect a difference between this surgical procedure and the reference category.