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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012 Dec;5(12):1253–1262. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.05.017

Figure 2. Microbubble Adhesion Efficiency.

Figure 2

(A) In vitro microbubble attachment density per optical field (OF) to streptavidin-coated plates in a flow chamber. Data are displayed for shear stresses of 0.6 and 1.5 dyne/cm2. *p < 0.05 versus both the corresponding neutral biotinylated preparation and the cationic biotinylated preparation with cDNA. (B) Illustrative image and quantitative data for in vivo attachment of cationic nontargeted or ICAM-1–targeted microbubbles observed by intravital microscopy in TNF-α–treated cremasteric vessels. The image illustrates retention of DiI-labeled ICAM-1–targeted microbubbles in a venule running vertically across the image (scale bar: 20 μm); *p < 0.05 versus corresponding non-targeted agent.