Table 1. Characteristics of study subjects.

	Whites(n=98)	Japanese (n=91)	P value
leptin	10.2 (7.5, 15.6)	4.0 (2.6, 5.7)	<0.01*
ghrelin(pg/mL)	904.5 (632.0, 1132.0)	508.0 (399.0, 1378.3)	0.01*
age(years)	44.6±2.9	44.8±2.9	0.62
waist circumference (cm)	96.2±9.8	85.0±8.5	<0.01
BMI (kg/m2)	26.9±3.3	23.3±3.1	<0.01
systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	113.8±9.5	122.8±14.4	<0.01
diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78.4±5.9	78.5±10.5	0.90
total cholesterol(mmol/L)	5.00±0.80	5.68±0.98	<0.01
triglycerides(mmol/L)	1.31 (0.89, 1.88)	1.48 (1.01, 2.05)	0.18*
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.19±0.30	1.42±0.38	<0.01
LDL-C(mmol/L)	3.12±0.77	3.48±1.02	0.06
glucose(mmol/L)	5.29±0.51	5.74±0.49	<0.01
insulin(pmol/L)	85.3±45.2	56.3±25.7	<0.01
HOMA-R	2.93±1.67	2.10±1.07	<0.01
C reactive protein	0.84 (0.44, 2.09)	0.45 (0.22, 0.87)	<0.01*
Fibrinogen (g/L)	2.38±0.64	2.35±0.63	0.72
smoker (%)	15%	48%	<0.01
alcohol (%)	16%	45%	<0.01