Figure 2. ROS inhibitors abolished high glucose-induced GDF15 expression.

HUVEC cells were treated with normal (5.5 mmol/l) or high (33.3 mmol/l) glucose in the absence or presence of 10 µmol/l DPI or 1 mmol/l TEMPOL. A, ROS production were assayed as described in the materials and methods. B, C, at indicated time points, GDF15 mRNA and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. NG, normal glucose. HG, high glucose. *, P<0.05, **, P<0.01 versus HG.