Table 1.
Characteristics of study population
| Characteristic | Phase A Dec 2- Jan 19 (n=1040) |
Phase B Feb 9 - Mar 9 (n =1499) |
Phase C Mar 23 - Apr 20 (n =1455) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median months ± IQR | 25.9 (12.2−53.6) | 20.0 (8.8−41.6) | 26.0 (11.0−51.7) | <0.001‡,∥ |
| Female, n (%) | 460/1027 (44.8) | 682/1495 (45.6) | 708/1449 (48.9) | 0.086 |
| Duration of hospitalization, mean (SD) | 2.1 (2.2) | 2.2 (2.0) | 2.2 (1.9) | 0.208 |
| Weight-for-Age Z score, mean (SD)* | −1.34 (1.52) | −1.18 (1.60) | −1.17 (1.63) | 0.042§ |
| Mod/Severely Underweight, n/N* (%) | 241/732 (32.9) | 350/1263 (27.7) | 299/1130 (26.5) | 0.008‡,§ |
| Severely Underweight, n/N* (%) | 92/732 (12.6) | 160/1263 (12.7) | 143/1130 (12.7) | 0.998 |
| HIV status, n (%) | 0.577 | |||
| Exposed | 26/411 (6.3) | 47/594 (7.9) | 38/637 (6.0) | |
| Infected | 29/411 (7.1) | 36/594 (6.1) | 48/637 (7.5) | |
| Uninfected | 356/411 (86.6) | 511/594 (86.0) | 551/637 (86.5) | |
| Unknown | 629 | 905 | 818 | |
| Top diagnoses†, n (%) | ||||
| Malaria | 857 (82.4) | 1161 (77.5) | 1192 (81.9) | 0.001‡,∥ |
| Sepsis | 304 (29.2) | 405 (27.0) | 367 (25.2) | 0.084 |
| Pneumonia | 164 (15.8) | 524 (35.0) | 303 (20.8) | <0.001‡,§,∥ |
| Diarrhea/dehydration | 140 (13.5) | 111 (7.4) | 125 (8.6) | <0.001‡,§ |
| Meningitis | 79 (7.6) | 90 (6.0) | 98 (6.7) | 0.286 |
| Convulsions | 46 (4.4) | 41 (2.7) | 20 (1.4) | <0.001§,∥ |
IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation
*
Denominators indicate children under 5 years of age with anthropomorphic data recorded
†
As many as 3 diagnoses per patient recorded; only diagnoses > 1% prevalence are listed
‡
Phase A was significantly different than Phase B
§
Phase A was significantly different than Phase C
∥
Phase B was significantly different than Phase C