Table 1.

Studies on the acute (<4 h) hypotriacylglycerolaemic effect of exercise in a healthy and non-healthy population^a

Sex; (n)	Subjects; important characteristics	Type of Exercise	Regimen	Time between exercise cessation and meal	GEEΕ (kJ/kg)	GEEΕ (MJ)	ED (kJ/kg)b	ED (MJ)b	TAG AUC (%)c	TAG iAUC (%)c	References
High fat meal
Exercise with energy deficit
Aerobic: continuous
M (13)	Active	CAE	240 min walking at 25 % VO2max	1 h	59	4.6	45	3.5	NA	NS	[16]
M (13)	Active	CAE	90 min walking at 65 % VO2max	1 h	59	4.6	54	4.2	NA	−39	[16]
M (20)	Moderate active	CAE	40 min jogging at 72.5 % VO2max	30 min	30	2.1	34	2.3	−18	NA	[17]
M (35)	OW/OB, MS	CAE	51 min walking at 60–70 % VO2max	0 min	20	2.1	17	1.8	−13	−32	[15]
Aerobic: intermittent
M (20)	Moderate active	IAE	40 min intense jogging at 99.7 % VO2max (3 min exercise – 1.5 min recovery)	30 min	30	2.1	33	2.3	−15	NA	[17]
Resistance
M (10)	Resistance trained	RE	90 min resistance exercise at 80 % 12 RM	1 h	21	1.6	14	1.1	+48	+89	[18]
Combination
M (12)	Recreational active or trained	RE+CAE	45 min resistance exercise at 95 % 10 RM +30 min running	4 h	46	3.7	41	3.3	−15	NA	[19]
Moderate fat meal
Exercise with energy deficit
Aerobic: continuous
M (16)	Sedentary	CAE	90 min walking at ~50 % VO2max	0 min	38	2.6	32	2.2	NS	NS	[20]
M (13)		CAE	60 min walking at 60 % VO2peak	0 min	30	2.4	27	2.1	NS	NS	[21]
W (13)		CAE	60 min walking at 60 % VO2peak	0 min	27	1.6	23	1.4	NS	NS	[21]
M (16)	Sedentary	CAE	60 min walking at ~50 % VO2 max	0 min	26	1.8	22	1.5	NS	NS	[20]
M (9)	OW/OB, MS	CAE	60 min walking at 60 % VO2peak	0 min	25	2.3	22	2.0	NS	NS	[21]
W (9)	OW/OB, MS	CAE	60 min walking at 60 % VO2peak	0 min	22	1.7	18	1.4	NS	NS	[21]
M (11)	Sedentary	CAE	45 min cycling at 62 % HRmax (~39% VO2max) d	0 min	18	1.3	15	1.1	NS	NS	[22]
M (16)	Sedentary	CAE	30 min walking at ~50 % VO2max	0 min	13	0.9	11	0.7	NS	NS	[20]
M (12)	Untrained	CAE	30 min cycling at 48 % VO2max	30 min	12	0.9	10	0.7	NS	NS	[23]
M (12)	Untrained	CAE	30 min cycling at 37 % VO2max	30 min	9	0.7	7	0.5	NS	NS	[23]
M (12)	Untrained	CAE	30 min cycling at 26 % VO2max	30 min	6	0.5	4	0.3	NS	NS	[23]
Aerobic: intermittent
M (10)	Recreational active	IAE	6×5 min (8:30, 10:00, and 11:30 a.m. and 1:00, 2:30, and 4:00 p.m.) jogging at 70 % VO2max	25 min after the first and the third bout; (test meal 9:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m)	25	1.8	23	1.6	−10	−22	[24]

^aFor clarity, bold studies reported significant reduction in postprandial TAG responses, while unbolded studies did not.

^bMost studies reported GEEE values rather than net exercise-energy expenditure/ED. For these studies ED was calculated by subtracting values for energy expenditure during rest from the reported corresponding GEEE values. For studies reporting only net exercise-energy expenditure, GEEE was calculated by adding values for energy expenditure during rest to the reported corresponding net exercise-energy expenditure values.

^cPercentage of the reduction is presented if it was given, or it is calculated if mean values were given.

^dFor comparison purposes, intensity is also presented as % VO_2max estimated as previously described^[25].

CAE continuous aerobic exercise, ED energy deficit, GEEE gross exercise energy expenditure, HR_max maximal heart rate, IAE intermittent aerobic exercise, M men, MS metabolic syndrome, NA not assessed, NS not significant – p>0.05, OB obese, OW overweight, RE resistance exercise, RM repetition maximum, TAG AUC area under the triacylglycerol concentration versus time curve in the postprandial state, TAG iAUC incremental TAG iAUC, VO_2max maximal oxygen consumption, VO_2peak peak oxygen consumption, W women.