Table 3.
Bivariate association of different variables with Malnutrition in PLWHA* in Dilla University Referral Hospital, Ethiopia 2011
| Variable | Normal nutritional status | Under nutrition | COR*** (95% CI****) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Gender |
No (%) |
No (%) |
|
| Male |
198 (92.96) |
15 (7.0) |
1 |
| Female |
258 (84.04) |
49 (16.0) |
2.51 (1.37 − 4.60)§ |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
- |
|
Age group (years) |
|
|
|
| < 30 |
151 (90.96) |
15 (9.0) |
0.65 (0.34 − 1.25) |
| 30 − 39 |
196 (86.73) |
30 (13.3) |
1 |
| 40 − 49 |
84 (85.71) |
14 (14.3) |
1.18 (0.55 − 2.16) |
| 50+ |
25 (83.33) |
5 (16.7) |
1.31 (0.47 − 3.68) |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
| Married |
266 (88.67) |
34 (11.3) |
1 |
| Single |
23 (95.83) |
1 (4.2) |
0.34 (0.05 − 2.60) |
| Divorced |
47 (94) |
3 (6.0) |
0.51 (0.15 − 1.69) |
| Widowed |
110 (80.88) |
26 (19.1) |
1.85 (1.06 − 3.23) § |
| Separated |
10 (100) |
0 (0) |
− |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Educational level |
|
|
|
| Not able to Read & write |
95 (80.51) |
23 (19.5) |
3.50 (1.35 − 8.02) § |
| Able to read & Write |
18 (90) |
2 (10.0) |
1.50 (0.29 − 7.85) |
| Grade 1 − 4 |
95 (93.14) |
7 (6.9) |
1 |
| Grade 5 − 8 |
105 (85.37) |
18 (14.6) |
2.30 (0.93 − 5.82) |
| Secondary School (9–12) |
114 (89.76) |
13 (10.2) |
1.60 (0.59 − 4.04) |
| College or University |
29 (96.67) |
1 (3.3) |
0.50 (0.55 − 3.96) |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Residential area | |||
| Urban |
432 (87.98) |
59 (12.0) |
1 |
| Rural |
24 (82.76) |
5 (17.2) |
1.50 (0.56 − 4.15) |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Employment status |
|
|
|
| Employed |
350 (91.86) |
31 (8.1) |
1 |
| Unemployed |
106 (76.26) |
33 (23.7) |
3.50 (2.16 − 6.01) § |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
− |
|
Poverty status |
|
|
|
| Very Poor |
128 (82.05) |
28 (17.9) |
1.80 (1.01 − 3.24) § |
| Moderate |
125 (91.24) |
12 (8.8) |
0.80 (0.38 − 1.63) |
| Relatively better off |
197 (89.14) |
24 (10.9) |
1 |
| Total |
450 (87.55) |
64 (12.5) |
|
|
Side effect of HAART | |||
| Yes |
34 (85) |
6 (15.0) |
1 |
| No |
422 (87.92) |
58 (12.1) |
1.28 (0.52 − 3.19) |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64(12.3) |
|
|
WHO clinical AIDS staging | |||
| Stage One |
49 (92.45) |
4 (7.5) |
1 |
| Stage Two |
104 (90.43) |
11 (9.6) |
1.30 (0.39 − 4.28) |
| Stage Three |
275 (89.29) |
33 (10.7) |
1.50 (0.51 − 4.33) |
| Stage Four |
28 (63.64) |
16 (36.4) |
7.01 (2.13 − 23.01) § |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Adherence to HAART in past 6 month | |||
| Good adherence |
432 (88.71) |
55 (11.3) |
1 |
| Poor adherence |
22 (70.97) |
9 (29.0) |
3.20 (1.41 − 7.33) § |
| Total |
454 (87.64) |
64 (12.4) |
|
|
CD4 cell count |
|
|
|
| Mild |
123 (87.23) |
18 (12.8) |
1 |
| Moderate |
265 (90.14) |
29 (9.9) |
0.80 (0.40 − 1.41) |
| Severe |
66 (79.52) |
17 (20.5) |
1.80 (0.85 − 3.61) |
| Total |
454 (87.64) |
|
|
|
Gastrointestinal symptoms | |||
| Yes |
93 (75.61) |
30 (24.4) |
3.40 (2.01 − 5.92) § |
| No |
363 (91.44) |
34 (8.6) |
1 |
| Total |
456 (87.69) |
64 (12.3) |
|
|
Number of previous OIs | |||
| None |
332 (95.13) |
17 (4.9) |
1 |
| 1 |
83 (83) |
17 (17.0) |
4.00 (1.96 − 8.17) § |
| 2+ |
40 (57.14) |
30 (42.9) |
4.70 (7.43 − 11.91) § |
| Total | 455 (87.67) | 64 (12.3) | |
§P-Value < 0.05.
* People Living With HIV/AIDS.
*** Crude Odds Ratio.
**** Confidence interval.