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. 2013 May 30;2013:914524. doi: 10.1155/2013/914524

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of CBR extract on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. (a, b) Cells were incubated for 5 h with 1 μg/mL of LPS in the absence or presence of the CBR extract. The CBR extract was added 1 h prior to incubation with LPS. Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and determined by quantitative ΔΔCT RT-PCR by using GAPDH mRNA as the internal control. Data represent the mean ± S.E. of 3 independent experiments. A one-way ANOVA was used for comparisons of multiple group means followed by Dunnett's t-test (# P < 0.001 versus control; *P < 0.01, **P < 0.05, and ***P < 0.001 versus LPS-stimulated control).