Figure 2.
(A) A late-succession boreal forest site in Northern Sweden with an open canopy and a moss-dominated understory. Mosses, in particular feather mosses like Pleurozium schreberi and Hylocomium splendens, cover 70–100% of the ground in boreal forests. Photo by K. Rousk. (B) A section of a Pleurozium schreberi-leaf at ×100 magnification under an UV-fluorescence microscope. Coiled chains of Nostoc spp. are seen in bright red. The moss-cyanobacteria association is assumed to be mutualistic, however, no attempts have been made so far to identify the relationship moss and cyanobacteria share. Photo by K. Rousk.