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. 2013 May 24;110(24):9633–9638. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1221453110

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

AMR measurements below and above the Lifshitz critical density, Inline graphic. (A) Hall bar along the (100) crystallographic direction in LAO/STO used for measuring the transport with in-plane magnetic field Inline graphic, oriented at various angles Inline graphic, with respect to the current direction. (B and D) Measured longitudinal resistivity Inline graphic and transverse resistivity Inline graphic for Inline graphic as a function of Inline graphic, at a gate voltage of Inline graphic, corresponding to a total carrier density Inline graphic, just below the Lifshitz transition density in this sample (22), Inline graphic. (C and E) Similar measurements for Inline graphic, corresponding to a total density Inline graphic, which is above Inline graphic. The relative change in Inline graphic is indicated on the right y axes. (F and G) Direction of the principal axes of the anisotropy with respect to the current Inline graphic and its magnitude Inline graphic, extracted by diagonalizing the resistivity tensor from the data below Inline graphic shown in B and D (text). (H and I) Similar results for the data aboveInline graphic, shown in C and in E. A small offset of Inline graphic was removed from Inline graphic andInline graphic to make them symmetric around zero. Similar analysis without the offset removed also gives pinning of the anisotropy along diagonal directions (as in H) but further breaks the symmetry between the Inline graphic and Inline graphic directions. (J) Anisotropy vector (red arrows) below Inline graphic determined by Inline graphic and Inline graphic, for various in-plane angles Inline graphic of Inline graphic (gray arrows). Note that for clarity the magnitude of the anisotropy vector has been scaled up by a factor of 4 compared with K showing the corresponding results above Inline graphic.