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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hepatology. 2013 Apr;57(4):1325–1332. doi: 10.1002/hep.26246

Table 5.

Bivariable Associations Between Physician/Practice Characteristics and Perceived Barriers to Care

Characteristic n Mean Barrier Score§ or Correlation P value*

Global Region
  United States 102 4.4 <0.0001
  Canada 30 3.6
  Latin America 100 4.8
  Western Europe 103 2.1
  Central/Eastern Europe 101 3.2
  Nordic 52 1.7
  Asia/Pacific 108 4.6
  Middle East/Africa 101 6.3

Specialty
  Hepatology 129 3.4 <0.0001
  Gastroenterology 176 3.8
  Infectious Diseases 194 3.8
  Internal Medicine 83 4.6
  General Practice 115 5.1

Years in Practice 697 −0.26 <0.0001

Patients seen monthly 697 0.02 0.67

Practice Location
  Urban 599 4.0 0.49
  Rural/Suburban 98 4.2

Practice Setting
  Private 298 4.5 <0.0001
  University/Academic 183 3.4
  Government 182 3.9
  Other 34 4.1

Knowledge Score 697 −0.40 <0.0001
§

Mean response to each of 31 barrier questions, rated on a 10-point Likert scale.

*

Means and p values based on one-way analysis of variance for categorical variables; Correlations and p values based on Pearson’s correlation