Table 1.
1st Author(s) | Year | Sample | Female N |
Age | Behavior Assessed (Reporter) |
Childhood Onset Modeling |
Adol: Child Onset |
M/F Separate (Y/N)a |
Trajectories/Groups n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early Childhood | |||||||||
Tremblay et al. |
2005 |
Community -Quebec births -Race/ethnicity not given -Mid-to-upper SES |
261 | 5-42 mos |
Physical Aggression (3 itemsb – Parent) |
Semi- parametric modeling |
N/A | N | 1. High 29 (11.1%) 2. Modest 146 (55.9%) 3. Low (33%) |
Middle Childhood | |||||||||
McFadyen- Ketchum et al. |
1996 |
Community -From 15 public schools -81.6% European American -35.8% single parent |
234 | 5-8 | Aggression (TRFc – Teacher, Peer Nominations) |
T score > 50 on TRF = high; direction of change |
N/A | Y | 1. High increasing 15 (6.4%) 2. High decreasing 28 (12.0%) 3. Low increasing 90 (38.5%) 4. Low decreasing 101 (43.2%) |
van Lier & Crijnen |
2005 |
Community -The Netherlands -69% Caucasian |
141 | 7-9 | Aggressive Behavior (Peer nominations) |
General growth mixture modeling |
N/A | N | 1. Early-onset increasers 7 (5%) 2.Moderate-persisters 37 (26.2%) 3. Low stable 97 (68.8%) |
Schaeffer et al. |
2006 |
Community -Baltimore school sample -71.3% African American -50% low income |
466 | 6-11 | Aggressive– Disruptive (TOCAd – Teacher) |
General growth mixture modeling |
N/A | Y | 1. Chronic high 42 (9%) 2. Low moderate 312 (67%) 3. Low (24%) |
Early Childhood to Middle Childhood | |||||||||
NICHD ECCRN & Arsenio |
2004 |
Community -NICHDa sample -Multi-site -24% Minority -Middle class |
581 | 2-8 | Physical Aggression (6 items CBCL – Parent) |
Semi- parametric modeling |
N/A | N | 1. High 8 (1.4%) 2. Moderate 73 (12.6%) 3. Moderate declining 56 (9.6%) 4. Low 151 (26%) 5. Very low 293 (50.4%) |
Côté et al. | 2006 |
Community -Canadian representative -NLSCYb sample -Accelerated design -Race/ethnicity not given -Middle class |
5128 | 2-11 | Physical Aggression (3 items – Parent) |
Semi- parametric modeling |
N/A | N | 1. High stable 677 (13.2%) 2. Moderate desister 2656 (51.8%) 3. Low desister 1795 (35%) |
Côté et al. | 2007 |
Community -Canadian representative -NLSCY subsample -Race/ethnicity not given -Middle class |
594 | 2-8 | Physical Aggression (3 items – Parent) |
Semi- parametric modeling |
N/A | N | 1. High stable 80 (13.5%) 2. Moderate-desister 247 (41.8%) 3. Low-desister 229 (38.7%) 4. Low stable 35 (5.9%) |
Were males and female trajectories modeled separately?
No specific measure provided: 1) hits, bites, kicks, 2) fights, 3) and bullies others.
TRF = Teacher Report Form Version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001).
TOCA = Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation–Revised (Werthamer-Larsson, Kellam, & Wheeler, 1991).
NICHD = National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
NLSCY = National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth.