Table 2.
Summary of Adaptive Skills Scores on the VABS for children and adolescents with FASD (N = 73), SLD (N = 30) and typically developing controls (CON, N = 40) using analyses of variance
| FASD M (SD) | SLD M (SD) | CON M (SD) | F | Significant group difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adaptive behaviour composite | 75.25 (17.55) | 93.76 (15.50) | 109.56 (11.92) | 61.68*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Domainsa | |||||
| Communication | 74.89 (21.42) | 91.63 (18.36) | 107.10 (11.19) | 39.46*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Daily living skills | 73.69 (19.50) | 90.76 (13.76) | 99.90 (12.79) | 33.94*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Socialization | 88.13 (18.29) | 104.07 (14.80) | 114.15 (9.24) | 38.39*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Subdomainsb | |||||
| Communication | |||||
| Receptive | 25.80 (0.55) | 25.93 (0.37) | 25.90 (0.45) | 0.94 | |
| Expressive | 58.13 (4.55) | 60.17 (2.72) | 61.33 (0.98) | 11.21*** | FASD < SLD, NC |
| Written | 28.27 (11.38) | 35.40 (8.53) | 39.97 (5.00) | 20.66*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Daily living skills | |||||
| Personal | 72.17 (5.22) | 75.48 (3.77) | 75.88 (2.95) | 11.45*** | FASD < SLD, NC |
| Domestic | 24.07 (7.41) | 29.76 (6.71) | 30.30 (6.95) | 12.41*** | FASD < SLD, NC |
| Community | 36.56 (12.04) | 40.79 (7.48) | 46.05 (8.93) | 10.71*** | FASD, SLD < NC |
| Socialization | |||||
| Interpersonal relationships | 44.42 (5.20) | 47.87 (3.99) | 49.93 (2.98) | 21.11*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Play and leisure time | 31.75 (4.59) | 34.13 (4.26) | 36.08 (2.75) | 14.88*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
| Coping skills | 28.66 (5.70) | 31.90 (5.16) | 34.42 (3.11) | 17.78*** | FASD < SLD < NC |
FASD fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, SLD specific learning disorder, CON typically developing controls
a
Standard scores
b
Sum scores
***
P < .001