Table 2.
Examples of preclinical targeted polymeric nanoparticles
| Material | Physicochemical Characteristics (Size, ζ-potential) |
Targeting Strategy | Drug/Disease or Indication |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl | 220–240 nm, 02212;2 mV | Phosphorylcholine | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 153 |
| phosphorylcholine-co-butyl methacrylate) and poly(methacryloyloxyethylphos- phorylcholine-co-butylmeth- acrylate-co-methacryloyl hydrazide) |
||||
| Poly(lactic acid)-selectin conjugates | 170 nm, −20 mV | Small molecule; Selectin ligand | Inflammation | 154 |
| Galactosylated-chitosan polymer | 120 nm, +5 mV | Small molecule; Galactose | DNA/Various | 155 |
| Chitosan | 200 nm, + 40 mV | RGD; Charge | siRNA/Cancer | 156 |
| Chitosan-PEG | 150 nm, +16 mV | Antibody | Caspase inhibitor pep tide/Stroke |
157 |
| Poly(caprolactone) and poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(2-N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) |
25–200 nm | Passive | Various | 158 |
| (Allyloxy)12cucurbit[6]uril polymer | 70–90 nm | Triggered; Reducing environment sensitive | Cancer | 159 |
| Cyclodextrin polymer | 100–150 nm, +15mV | Transferrin | DNA/Cancer | 160 |
| Acetal modified dextran | 250–300 nm, −5 mV to + 12 mV | Pep tide | Various | 161 |
| DNA | 410 nm | Passive | Various | 162 |
| Elastin-like polypeptides | 20 nm | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 163 |
| 60 nm | RGD; T-sensitive | Cancer | 164 | |
| Gelatin | 250–300 nm, −20 mV | Antibody | antiCD3 mAb/Cancer | 165 |
| poly(β-amino esters) | 200 nm, −5 mV | RGD | DNA/Gen therapy | 166 |
| Heparin | 60 nm, −16 mV | Small molecule; Folate | Paclitaxel/Cancer | 167 |
| Hyaluronic acid | 250–400 nm | Intrinsic | Cancer | 168 |
| Hyaluronic acid-ceramide/ pluronic 85 |
110–140 nm, −20 mV | Passive | Docetaxel/Cancer | 169 |
| Hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan |
360 nm, +22mV | Charge | Cancer | 170 |
| Oligoethylene glycol pyridine disulfide nanogels | 190 nm | Reducing environment sensitive |
Hydrophobic drugs | 171 |
| Poly(methyldiethene- aminesebacate)- co-[(cholesterylox- ocarbonylamidoethyl) methylbis(ethylene) ammonium bromide]sebacate |
80–180 nm, +70mV | Charge | Paclitaxel, DNA/Cancer | 172 |
| Poly(ethyleneoxide)-modified | 100–150 nm, +40mV | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Paclitaxel/Cancer | 173 |
| poly(beta-amino ester) | 60 nm | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 174 |
| Modified poly(caprolactone)copolymer |
120 nm, −60 mV | Small molecule; Galactose | Various | 175 |
| Poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) | 110 nm | Triggered; Reducing environment sensitive; RGD |
Reducing environments | 176 |
| PEG (PRINT) | 290 nm, −30 mV | Transferrin | Cancer | 177 |
| Poly(caprolactone)- | 25–60 nm, −5 mV | Large peptide; EGF | Cancer | 178 |
| poly(ethyleneglycol) | 70 nm, −3 mV | Pep tide | Brain | 179 |
| PEGylated Gelatin | 200 nm | Passive | DNA/Various | 180 |
| Poly(methacrylic acid) | 150–170 nm, −20 mV | Small molecule; Folate | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 181 |
| Poly(lactic acid) | 45 nm | Peptide; RGD | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 182 |
| 70–95 nm, −30 mV to + 45 mV | Charge | Various | 183 | |
| 80 nm, −25 mV | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Cisplatin/Cancer | 184 | |
| Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) | 110–190 nm | Antibody | Camptothecin/Cancer | 185 |
| 260 nm, −8 mV | Peptide | Inflammation | 186 | |
| 140–180 nm, −20 mV | Peptide | Loperamide/Analgesia | 187 | |
| poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)- lipid hybrid |
80–120 nm | Passive | Doxorubicin, Combretastatin-4/ Cancer |
188 |
| 60 nm | Peptide | Injured vasculature | 147 | |
| poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)- poly(ethyleneglycol) |
180 nm, −3 mV | Peptide; Tetanus toxin C fragment |
Neurons and Neuroblastoma |
189 |
| 40–60 nm | Small molecule; Alendronate | Estrogen/Bone hydroxyapatite |
190 | |
| 80–200 nm | Aptamer | Docetaxel/Cancer | 191 | |
| 140 nm | Aptamer | Cisplatin prodrug/Cancer | 192 | |
| 100 nm | Passive | MAPK signaling/ Cancer |
193 | |
| 100–120 nm, −20 mV | Peptide | Brain | 194 | |
| 80 nm | Small molecule | Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate/Cancer |
195 | |
| poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)- poly(ethyleneglycol)-Aptamer |
160–240 nm, −25 mV | Aptamer | Docetaxel/Cancer | 196 |
| Poly(L-lysine) | 80 nm, + 1 mV | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Acidic tumours | 197 |
| Poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethyelene glycol) and poly(caprolactone)- poly(ethyeleneglycol) |
20–200 nm | Ultrasound triggered | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 198 |
| Pluronic | 40 nm, + 18 mV | Peptide | Cartilage | 199 |
| poly(N-isopropylacrylamide- b-methyl methacrylate) |
190 nm | Triggered; T-sensitive | Prednisone/Inflammation | 200 |
| poly((1-ethoxycarbonyl)-vinyl- phosphonic diacid and poly(n-butyl acrylate) |
80–120 nm | Protein; Annexin-A5 | Inflammation | 201 |
| Poly(ethylene glycol)- poly(aspartate hydrazone adriamycin) | 65 nm | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 89 |
| Poly(γ-glutamic acid)-PL | 115–126 nm, −20 mV | Small molecule; Galactosamine | Paclitaxel/Cancer | 202 |
| Poly(L-glutamic acid) | 50 nm | Small molecule; Biotin | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 203 |
| poly(2-methyl-2-carboxy- trimethylene carbonate- co-d,l-lactide) |
130 nm | RGD | Corneal epithelial cells | 204 |
| Poly(β-malic acid) | 7–25 nm, −5 mV | Multiple; Antibody; Triggered | Antisense ON/Brain Tumour |
205 |
| 15–25 nm, −5 mV | Multiple; Antibody | Antisense oligonucleotides Hercep tin/Cancer |
206 | |
| Poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)- Poly(vinylybenzyllactonamide) |
40–300 nm | Small molecule; Galactose | Various | 207 |
| Poly(acrylamide) | 20–30 nm | Peptide | Cisplatin/Cancer | 208 |
| Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) | 100–200 nm | Polypeptide | Cancer | 209 |
| Pullulan acetate/sulfadimethoxine conjugate |
70 nm | Triggered; pH-sensitive | Doxorubicin/Cancer | 210 |
| Ribonucleoprotein | 40–70 nm | Passive | Various | 211 |
| Styrene-maleic acid copolymers | 175 nm | Zinc protoporphyrin | Cancer | 212 |