. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 17.

Published in final edited form as: Youth Violence Juv Justice. 2011 Nov 6;10(1):3–24. doi: 10.1177/1541204011422087

Table 2.

Hostile/Demoralizing Environment and Genetic Diversity as Predictors of Adopting the Street Code and Aggression (n=216).

	Adopting the street code				Aggression
	Model 1a		Model 1b		Model 2a		Model 2b
	b	β	b	β	b	β	b	β
*Environment and gene*
Hostile/Demoralizing Environment (E)	.86^** (.30)	.19	−.38 (.53)	−.08	.30^** (.11)	.19	−.10 (.20)	−.06
Cumulative plasticity alleles (0–3)	.22 (.33)	.04	.23 (.33)	.05	−.02 (.13)	−.01	−.01 (.12)	−.01
*Two-way interaction*
Cumulative plasticity alleles x (E)			.98^** (.35)	.32			.33^* (.13)	.31
*Control variables*
Controlling early adolescent status	.32^** (.08)	.28	.34^** (.08)	.30	.21 (.15)	.10	.15 (.15)	.07
region (1 = South)	1.45^* (.60)	.16	1.42^* (.59)	.16	.02 (.22)	.01	.02 (.22)	.01
Family SES	.32 (.20)	.11	.28 (.20)	.09	−.04 (.08)	−.04	−.05 (.07)	−.05
Famuly structure (1 = Single Families)	.24 (.59)	.03	.03 (.59)	.00	.00 (.22)	.00	−.07 (.22)	−.02
Constant	10.49^** (1.55)		10.32^** (1.53)		1.03^** (.26)		1.10 (.26)
Adjusted R²	.13		.16		.03		.05
R² increase due to interaction			.03^**				.03^**

Note: Standard errors are in parentheses;

^**

p≤.01;

p≤.05,

^†

p<.10 (two-tailed tests).