Table 1. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic subjects subdivided into subAS and non-subAS subjects.
| Parameters | subAS(n = 78) | Non-subAS(n = 206) | P |
| Age (yr) | 56.9±8.3 | 53.4±8.4 | 0.002 |
| Sex (M/F) | 38/40 | 106/100 | NS |
| Smoking (%, Never-smoker/Former and current smoker) | 61.2/38.8 | 62.6/37.4 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1±2.8 | 24.5±2.8 | NS |
| Waist circumference (cm) | |||
| Male | 89.4±9.0 | 89.3±8.0 | NS |
| Female | 84.2±7.9 | 83.6±7.2 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 123±17.6 | 118±17.5 | 0.037 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75±11.1 | 76±10.3 | NS |
| FPG (mmol/liter) | 7.9±2.8 | 7.5±2.3 | NS |
| 2hPG (mmol/liter) | 12.7±4.8 | 11.7±4.3 | NS |
| TG (mmol/liter) † | 1.6(1.1–2.3) | 1.6(1.2–2.6) | NS |
| LDL-C (mmol/liter) | 3.2±1.1 | 3.0±0.9 | NS |
| HDL-C (mmol/liter) | 1.3±0.4 | 1.3±0.4 | NS |
| Fasting insulin (mIU/liter) † | 12.4 (8.2–18.3) | 14.0 (9.0–19.0) | NS |
| Carotid IMT (mm) | 0.94±0.34 | 0.70±0.11 | <0.001 |
| Femoral IMT (mm) | 0.97±0.33 | 0.70±0.11 | <0.001 |
| Iliac IMT (mm) | 1.13±0.28 | 0.76±0.10 | <0.001 |
| Lipocalin-2 (µg/liter) † | 112.9(86.4–202.1) | 77.2(55.0–150.4) | 0.002 |
| RBP4 (mg/liter) † | 37.1(32.3–40.8) | 23.2(20.1–29.2) | <0.001 |
| Presence of hypertension (%) | 26.9 | 22.3 | NS |
| Presence of dyslipidemia (%) | 72.7 | 69.9 | NS |
†
Log transformed before analysis.
subAS, subclinical atherosclerosis; M, male; F, female; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG, 2 h postprandial glucose; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IMT, intima-media thickness; RBP4, retinol-binding protein 4.