Table 3.

Suicide risk measures

Geriatric Suicidal Ideation Scale (GSIS) [40]	Death ideation (DI), suicidal ideation (SI), personal/social worth (PSW), meaning in life (ML)	Heisel and Flett reported high internal consistency for both the death ideation (α = .82) and suicide ideation subscales (α = .82), as well as significant criterion validity (i.e., positive correlations with another measure of suicide ideation, depression, and hopelessness).
Paykel Suicide Scale [52]	Lifetime and past year suicide ideation and behaviors	The questions ask, Has there ever been a time in your life when you, (1) felt that life was not worth living; (2) wished you were dead; (3) thought of taking your own life even if you would not really do it; (4) had reached the point where you seriously considered taking your life, or perhaps made plans how you would go about doing it; (5) made an attempt on your life? At the baseline interview, questions reflect lifetime history. At follow-ups, the time frame reflects the time that has elapsed since the last assessment.
Patient Health   Questionnaire (PHQ-9) [44]	Depression	Data indicate high sensitivity and specificity (i.e., 88%) with a score of 10 or more in the detection of major depression.