Table 2.
Pre-Treatment Patient Characteristics by CT Responder and Non-Responder Among Patients Completing Acute Phase CT.
| Variable | Total (n = 410) |
CT Non- Responder (n = 107)a |
CT Responder (n = 303)b |
Test Statistic |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 134 (32.7) | 34 (31.8) | 100 (33.0) | χ2=0.05, |
| Female | 276 (67.3) | 73 (68.2) | 203 (67.0) | p = .82 |
| White Race, n (%) | ||||
| White | 353 (86.1) | 90 (84.1) | 263 (86.8) | χ2=0.48, |
| Non-White | 57 (13.9) | 17 (15.9) | 40 (13.2) | p = .49 |
| Marital Status/Living Condition, n (%) | ||||
| Living Alone | 235 (57.3) | 60 (56.1) | 175 (57.8) | χ2=0.09, |
| Partneredc | 175 (42.7) | 47 (43.9) | 128 (42.2) | p = .76 |
| Employment Status, n (%) | ||||
| Works for pay | 307 (74.9) | 68 (63.6) | 239 (78.9) | χ2=9.88, |
| Do not work | 103 (25.1) | 39 (36.4) | 64 (21.1) | p = .002 |
| Age at study entry in years, mean (SD) | 43.3 (12.0) | 45.16 (11.7) | 42.69 (12.0) | F1,408=3.39, p = .07 |
| Education in years, mean (SD) | 15.4 (2.8) | 14.94 (2.9) | 15.55 (2.8) | F1,408=3.60, p = .06 |
| Illness Characteristics | ||||
| Current Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 171 (41.7) | 53 (49.5) | 118 (38.9) | χ2=3.65, |
| No | 239 (58.3) | 54 (50.5) | 185 (61.1) | p = .06 |
| Lifetime Comorbidity | ||||
| Yes | 307 (74.9) | 84 (78.5) | 223 (73.6) | χ2=1.01, |
| No | 103 (25.1) | 23 (21.5) | 80 (26.4) | p = .31 |
| Primary versus Secondary Depression, n (%) | ||||
| Primary | 346 (84.6) | 89 (84.0) | 257 (84.8) | χ2=0.04, |
| Secondary | 63 (15.4) | 17 (16.0) | 46 (15.2) | p = .83 |
| Double Depressiond | ||||
| Yes | 21 (5.1) | 6 (5.6) | 15 (5.0) | χ2=0.07, |
| No | 389 (94.9) | 101 (94.4) | 288 (95.0) | p = .79 |
| DSM-IV Melancholia, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 150 (36.9) | 41 (38.7) | 109 (36.2) | χ2=0.21, |
| No | 257 (63.1) | 65 (61.3) | 192 (63.8) | p = .65 |
| RDC Endogenous Definite, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 150 (37.0) | 40 (38.1) | 110 (36.5) | χ2=0.08, |
| No | 256 (63.0) | 65 (61.9) | 191 (63.5) | p = .78 |
| Positive Family Type of Depressione, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 263 (71.9) | 71 (71.0) | 192 (72.2) | χ2=0.05, |
| No | 103 (28.1) | 29 (29.0) | 74 (27.8) | p = .82 |
| Number of Lifetime Episodes | ||||
| Less than 3 episodes | 89 (21.7) | 35 (32.7) | 54 (17.8) | χ2=10.31, |
| At least 3 episodes | 321 (78.3) | 72 (67.3) | 249 (82.2) | p = .001 |
| Pre-Treatment HRSD17, mean (SD) | 20.2 (4.0) | 21.42 (4.0) | 19.72 (3.9) | F1,408=15.16 , p < .001 |
| Length of Illness in years, mean (SD) | 21.5 (11.9) | 22.34 (11.5) | 21.17 (12.0) | F1,408=0.77, p = .38 |
| Length of Current Episode in months, mean (SD) |
25.4 (46.0) | 34.88 (58.0) | 22.05 (40.6) | F1,408=6.23, p = .01 |
| Age of Onset, mean (SD) | 21.4 (10.8) | 22.36 (11.3) | 21.00 (10.5) | F1,408= 1.24, p = .27 |
| Cognitive and Interpersonal | ||||
| ASQ Stable Score, mean (SD) | 1.1 (0.9) | 1.27 (0.8) | 1.09 (0.9) | F1,390=3.12, p = .08 |
| ASQ Global Score, mean (SD) | 1.2 (1.0) | 1.39 (0.9) | 1.09 (1.0) | F1,389=7.56, p = .01 |
|
| ||||
| DAS - A total score, mean (SD) | 150.1 (34.9) | 150.95 (35.8) | 149.79 (34.6) | F1,395=0.09, p = .77 |
|
| ||||
| IIP Mean Score, mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.5) | 1.75 (0.6) | 1.64 (0.5) | F1,404=3.96, p = .05 |
| SAS-SR Total Score, mean (SD) | 2.6 (0.4) | 2.72 (0.5) | 2.51 (0.4) | F1,403=18.54 , p < .001 |
Note. CT = Cognitive Therapy; n = Number; SD = Standard Deviation; HRSD17 = Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; RDC = Research Diagnostic Criteria; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition; ASQ = Attributional Style Questionnaire; DAS = Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale; IIP = Inventory of Interpersonal Problems; SAS-SR = Social Adjustment Scale –Self Report.
n reduced to 106 for primary versus secondary depression and DSM-IV melancholia, 105 for RDC endogenous definite, 100 for positive family type, 103 for ASQ, and 105 for DAS - A due to missing data.
n reduced to 301 for DSM-IV melancholia and RDC endogenous definite, 266 for positive family type, 289 for ASQ, 292 for DAS - A, 299 for IIP, and 298 for SAS-SR due to missing data.
Partnered refers to patients who are married or are living with a partner.
Double depression refers to major depressive disorder with dysthymia.
Positive family history refers to the presence of a mood disorder, alcohol or drug abuse, or sociopathy.