Table IV.

Associations between serum concentrations of menstrual hormones and uric acid levels.

Log hormone	Modela	Acute: uric acid (mg/dl)		Persistent: uric acid (mg/dl)
		β	95% CI	β	95% CI
Estradiol (pg/ml)	Model 1	−0.012	−0.020, −0.005*	−0.017	−0.025, −0.010**
	Model 2	−0.006	−0.013, 0.0008	−0.011	−0.018, −0.004*
	Model 3	−0.005	−0.012, 0.002	−0.011	−0.019, −0.004*
Progesterone (ng/ml)	Model 1	−0.007	−0.011, −0.003*	−0.008	−0.013, −0.004*
	Model 2	−0.006	−0.010, −0.002*	−0.008	−0.012, −0.003*
	Model 3	−0.006	−0.010, −0.002*	−0.008	−0.012, −0.004*
FSH (mIU/ml)	Model 1	−0.004	−0.014, 0.006	0.0009	−0.009, 0.011
	Model 2	0.016	0.006, 0.025*	0.021	0.011, 0.031**
	Model 3	0.017	0.007, 0.028*	0.016	0.005, 0.026*
LH (ng/ml)	Model 1	0.006	−0.0004, 0.013	0.007	0.0002, 0.014*
	Model 2	0.004	−0.002, 0.010	0.004	−0.002, 0.011
	Model 3	0.002	−0.006, 0.010	0.005	−0.002, 0.012
		Odds ratio		95% CI
Anovulatory	Model 1	2.42		1.47, 4.00*
	Model 2	2.39		1.25, 4.56*

β, effect estimate; CI, confidence interval.

^aModel 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, race, and body mass index; Model 3: adjusted for age, race, BMI, and other reproductive hormones through the use of inverse probability of exposure weights. Models for hormones obtained using weighted linear mixed models and for anovulation using generalized linear mixed models.

*P-value <0.05, **P-value <0.0001.