Table 2.

Patient, ECMO and neurologic outcomes characteristics

Patient	Primary Diagnosis	ECMO Indication	ECMO Duration	#GFAP Measure  ments	Peak GFAP	ANI Diagnosed during ECMO	ANI Diagnostic  Modality	ECMO to  ANI Diagnosis	ECMO to GFAP >95th  percentile	Baseline  PCPC	Discharge  PCPC	Neurologic  Outcome	PICU Survival
1	Liver failure, CPA post-transplant	Cardiac disease	4d	5	5.86	Unilateral IVH, intraparenchymal (basal ganglia, right temporal and occipital) hemorrhage,2 cm midline shift, edema	HCT	104h	24h	1	6	Poor	No
2	Dilated cardiomyopathy	Cardiac disease	3d	4	20.5	Frontoparietal 4×5×4cm intra- parenchymal hemorrhage, 2.5cm mildline shift, unilateral SDH, SAH, IVH	HUS	11h	19h	2	6	Poor	No
3	Dilated cardiomyopathy	Cardiac disease	5d	3	0.053	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
4	PPHN	Respiratory disease	6d	4	0.164	No	-	-	-	1	2	Good	Yes
5	Septic shock	Sepsis	1d	1	0a	No	-	-	-	1	6	Poor	No
6	PPHN	Respiratory disease	5d	8	0.088	No	-	-	-	2	2	Good	Yes
7	PPHN	Respiratory disease	4d	5	0.081	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
8	Dilated Cardiomyopathy	Cardiac disease	1d	2	0.162	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
9	PPHN	Respiratory disease	7d	7	0.062	No	-	-	-	1	2	Good	Yes
10	Critical aortic stenosis	Cardiac disease	12d	6	0.194	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
11	PPHN	Respiratory disease	30d	16	1.43	No	-	-	12hb	1	3	Poor	Yes
12	Diaphragmatic eventration	Respiratory disease	14d	11	0.398	Unilateral cerebellar hemisphere, 1.5× 2cm intraparenchymal hemorrhage	HUS	82h	-	1	6	Poor	No
13	TOF, Pulmonary atresia	ECPR	4d	3	0.090	No	-	-	-	1	2	Good	Yes
14	Status asthmaticus	ECPR	4d	2	44.9	Rapid progression to brain death	BD exam	64h	12h	1	6	Poor	No
15	PPHN	Respiratory disease	12d	3	0.795	No	-	-	10dc	1	2	Good	Yes
16	PPHN	Respiratory disease	15d	11	0.111	Small SDH along the falx cerebri	HUS	10d	-	1	1	Good	Yes
17	PPHN	Respiratory disease	4d	3	0.155	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
18	CDH	Respiratory disease	18d	13	0.400	No	-	-	-	1	6	Poor	No
19	Truncus arteriosus	Cardiac disease	4d	2	0a	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
20	PPHN	Respiratory disease	3d	1	0a	Unilateral subependymal grade I IVH	HUS	69h	-	1	1	Good	Yes
21	CDH	Respiratory disease	17d	8	0a	No	-	-	-	1	1	Good	Yes
22	Neonatal enterovirus sepsis	ECPR	8d	8	14.6	Severe diffuse cerebral edema	HUS	2h	6h	3	6	Poor	No

ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ANI: acute neurologic injury, GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein, PCPC: Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category, PICU: pediatric intensive care unit, CPA: cardiopulmonary arrest, IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage, SDH: subdural hemorrhage, SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage, HCT: head computed tomography, HUS: head ultrasound, PPHN: persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, TOF: tetralogy of Fallot, ECPR: extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CDH: congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

^aDenotes values below the lower limit of quantification (LLQ=0.040 ng/mL)

^bNormal serial HUS during ECMO. Brain MRI 6 weeks post-ECMO decannulation: few old intraventricular and intraparenchymal hemorrhagic foci

^cNormal serial HUS during ECMO. Brain MRI 2 weeks post-ECMO decannulation: unilateral unilobar focal encephalomalacia consistent with prior ischemic event