Table 3.

Stress characteristics of participants (N518), mean (SD)

	Active (n=9)	Placebo (n=9)
Mean PSS scores (SD)
Higher score (0–40)=greater stress over preceding month	13 (3.4)	12 (6.5)
Mean salivary cortisol levels (μg/dL; SD)
Time 1 (12 hours postblistering—PM)	0.04 (0.01)	0.04 (0.01)
Time 2 (24 hours postblistering—AM)	0.31 (0.08)*,†	0.20 (0.06)*,†

^*Significantly different from Time 1 (p < 0.001).

^†Significant between-group differences at Time 2 (p=0.004).

PSS, Perceived Stress Scale.