Table 2.

Adjusted ORs of the association between wealth index and sociodemographic characteristics and antenatal care, skilled birth attendance or delivery in medical facility of women age 15–49 years, Philippines, 1993 (n=1707), 1998 (n=1513), 2003 (n=1325), 2008 (n=1209)

Indicator	Antenatal care								Skilled birth attendance								Delivery at medical facility
	1993		1998		2003		2008		1993		1998		2003		2008		1993		1998		2003		2008
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Residence
Urban	1.29*	1.02 to 1.62	1.44**	1.08 to 1.93	1.70***	1.26 to 2.28	0.99	0.71 to 1.38	2.59***	2.03 to 3.31	3.08***	2.27 to 4.18	3.21***	2.37 to 4.34	2.11***	1.52 to 2.93	3.12***	2.35 to 4.12	2.43***	1.77 to 3.35	1.90***	1.41 to 2.56	1.47**	1.07 to 2.02
Rural (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Woman's education
None	0.58	0.27 to 1.26	0.55	0.21 to 1.45	0.25**	0.09 to 0.71	0.08***	0.02 to 0.36	0.17**	0.05 to 0.65	0.70	0.21 to 2.39	0.22**	0.08 to 0.66	0.66	0.14 to 3.21	0.17	0.02 to 1.94	0.48	0.11 to 2.00	0.09*	0.01 to 1.01	0.82	0.09 to 7.51
Primary	0.54**	0.37 to 0.79	0.46***	0.29 to 0.74	0.53**	0.34 to 0.85	0.38***	0.21 to 0.68	0.43***	0.27 to 0.67	0.67	0.39 to 1.12	0.48**	0.30 to 0.78	0.69	0.40 to 1.19	0.58**	0.38 to 0.88	0.52**	0.31 to 0.86	0.44***	0.28 to 0.70	0.60	0.35 to 1.03
Secondary	0.67*	0.47 to 0.95	0.65*	0.44 to 0.97	0.69	0.46 to 1.03	0.59**	0.36 to 0.96	0.58**	0.38 to 0.88	0.86	0.56 to 1.34	0.57	0.37 to 0.89	0.89	0.56,1.41	0.59**	0.41 to 0.84	0.54***	0.37 to 0.78	0.49***	0.34 to 0.70	0.77	0.53 to 1.13
Higher (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Partner's education
None	0.39*	0.16 to 0.94	0.30*	0.10 to 0.85	0.41	0.16 to 1.05	0.55	0.19 to 1.58	0.09*	0.01 to 0.71	0.02***	0.00 to 0.20	0.22**	0.08 to 0.61	0.06**	0.01 to 0.61	0.28	0.03 to 2.54	(omitted)†		0.11	0.01 to 1.11	(omitted)†
Primary	0.53***	0.36 to 0.78	0.67	0.43 to 1.03	0.54**	0.34,0.86	0.65	0.37 to 1.13	0.65	0.42 to 1.02	0.47**	0.29 to 0.78	0.53**	0.33 to 0.86	0.41***	0.23 to 0.71	0.36***	0.23 to 0.55	0.30***	0.19 to 0.42	0.55*	0.34 to 0.87	0.50**	0.30 to 0.83
Secondary	0.74	0.52 to 1.05	0.75	0.52 to 1.09	0.68	0.45 to 1.02	0.75	0.45 to 1.24	0.74	0.50 to 1.11	0.78	0.51 to 1.19	0.66	0.43 to 1.04	0.66	0.40 to 1.07	0.58**	0.41 to 0.83	0.46***	0.32 to 0.65	0.72	0.50 to 1.04	0.85	0.57 to 1.27
Higher (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Woman's age
<20	0.91	1.02 to 1.62	0.45**	0.27 to 0.74	1.12	0.66 to 1.90	0.91	0.52 to 1.58	0.93	0.54 to 1.61	0.70	0.39 to 1.26	0.89	0.52 to 1.53	0.92	0.51 to 1.66	0.88	0.46 to 1.71	0.73	0.34 to 1.57	0.70	0.41 to 1.20	0.74	0.42 to 1.31
20–29 (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
30–39	1.29	0.98 to 1.69	1.86***	1.34 to 2.58	1.20	0.86 to 1.66	1.42	0.98 to 2.04	1.17	0.86 to 1.60	1.59**	1.10 to 2.29	1.31	0.92 to 1.89	1.54**	1.03 to 2.30	1.36	0.98 to 1.91	1.26	0.85 to 1.85	1.46**	1.03 to 2.07	1.59**	1.05 to 2.40
≥40	1.41	0.84 to 2.39	1.66	0.94 to 2.91	0.87	0.46 to 1.62	0.92	0.49 to 1.70	1.96*	1.07 to 3.57	1.56	0.81 to 2.99	0.87	0.42 to 1.83	3.12**	1.48 to 6.58	1.96	0.97 to 3.97	2.02	0.98 to 4.15	1.04	0.47 to 2.32	3.44***	1.69 to 6.98
Birth order
1 (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
2	0.76	0.55 to 1.06	0.88	0.60 to 1.30	0.84	0.57 to 1.25	0.79	0.50 to 1.27	0.76	0.53 to 1.11	0.61**	0.40 to 0.93	0.76	0.49 to 1.17	0.87	0.57 to 1.33	0.53***	0.35 to 0.78	0.52**	0.33 to 0.80	0.50***	0.34 to 0.74	0.56**	0.37 to 0.84
3	0.64*	0.45 to 0.93	0.64*	0.42 to 0.97	0.92	0.59 to 1.45	0.55**	0.33 to 0.92	0.50***	0.33 to 0.76	0.75	0.47 to 1.18	0.69	0.42 to 1.13	0.61	0.36 to 1.02	0.36***	0.23 to 0.55	0.72	0.44 to 1.16	0.45***	0.29 to 0.70	0.37***	0.23 to 0.61
≥4	0.41***	0.30 to 0.58	0.36***	0.24 to 0.54	0.56**	0.36 to 0.87	0.53**	0.32 to 0.88	0.47***	0.32 to 0.69	0.31***	0.20 to 0.49	0.51**	0.31 to 0.82	0.47**	0.28 to 0.80	0.32***	0.21 to 0.49	0.41***	0.25 to 0.67	0.28***	0.18 to 0.45	0.23***	0.13 to 0.38
Wealth index
Lowest (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Second	1.09	0.79 to 1.50	1.21	0.86 to 1.70	0.85	0.59 to 1.24	1.48	0.99 to 2.20	2.00***	1.38 to 2.89	1.99***	1.34 to 2.96	2.06***	1.36 to 3.13	1.74**	1.14 to 2.64	2.11**	1.16 to 3.83	1.88*	1.07 to 3.29	2.15**	1.25 to 3.71	1.79**	1.05 to 3.05
Middle	1.26	0.89 to 1.78	1.85**	1.26 to 2.72	0.77	0.51 to 1.16	1.25	0.80 to 1.96	3.30***	2.26 to 4.83	4.05***	2.63 to 6.24	2.95***	1.88 to 4.64	3.43***	2.18 to 5.34	2.83***	1.58 to 5.07	2.31**	1.29 to 4.14	3.01***	1.73 to 5.22	3.46***	2.02 to 5.91
Fourth	1.68**	1.16 to 2.43	2.25***	1.45 to 3.52	1.12	0.70 to 1.81	2.06**	1.19 to 3.57	4.71***	3.11 to 7.13	7.17***	4.33 to 11.86	4.87***	2.90 to 8.19	7.20***	4.22,12.30	4.50***	2.50 to 8.13	4.29***	2.38 to 7.74	4.07***	2.32 to 7.13	6.09***	3.41 to 10.89
Highest	3.43***	2.22 to 5.28	3.54***	1.98 to 6.33	2.44**	1.31 to 4.54	2.87**	1.31 to 6.29	9.92***	5.98 to 16.43	12.29***	6.22 to 24.27	6.98***	3.62 to 13.46	15.53***	6.90 to 34.94	7.74***	4.22 to 14.21	7.55***	3.95 to 14.44	6.98***	3.76 to 12.94	16.00***	7.99 to 32.02

*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

†All participants in this category did not deliver in a medical facility and were removed from the analysis.

Adjusted for residence, woman's education, partner's education, woman's age and birth order.