Figure 3.

Effects of free cantharidin (CTD) solution, CTD-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles (CTD-NSVs) (0, 10, 20 μM), and blank NSVs on the cell-cycle distribution of MCF-7 cells.

Notes: The various phases of the cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. 20 μM CTD-NSVs significantly induced cell-cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, while free CTD solution and blank NSVs showed negligible effect on cell-cycle distribution of MCF-7 cells. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of three experiments in duplicate. **P < 0.01 compared to control.

Abbreviations: PE-A, pycoerythrin-absorption; NS, not significant; NSVs, non-ionic surfactant vesicles.