Table 1.
Participant Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| SZ (n = 25) | CN (n = 21) | Test Statistic | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 45.3 (12.2) | 45.7 (7.2) | F = 0.02 | .89 |
| Parental education | 13.1 (2.2) | 14.1 (2.2) | F = 2.48 | .12 |
| Participant education | 12.6 (1.8) | 15.9 (1.9) | F = 34.9 | < .001 |
| % Male | 72 % | 62% | χ2 = 0.53 | .47 |
| Race | χ2 = 2.40 | .50 | ||
| Caucasian (%) | 60 | 76 | — | — |
| African-American (%) | 32 | 24 | — | — |
| Asian-American (%) | 4 | 0 | — | — |
| American-Indian (%) | 4 | 0 | — | — |
| Neuropsychological tests | ||||
| WTAR SS | 96.6 (15.3) | 114.8 (10.1) | F = 20.96 | < .001 |
| DPX (AY-BX trials) | −7.0% | 3.0% | F = 2.15 | .15 |
| PANAS trait self-report | ||||
| NA | 19.8 (8.6) | 14.6 (3.4) | F = 6.48 | < .02 |
| PA | 26.3 (7.5) | 32.3 (5.7) | F = 7.93 | < .01 |
| TEPS self-report | ||||
| TEPS-ANT | 4.22 (0.99) | 4.63 (0.57) | F = 2.79 | .10 |
| TEPS-CON | 3.98 (0.91) | 4.93 (0.57) | F = 16.73 | < .001 |
| Symptom ratings | ||||
| BNSS total | 33.0 (19.7) | — | — | — |
| LOF total | 14.1 (8.0) | — | — | — |
| BPRS total | 44.6 (12.5) | — | — | — |
| BPRS positive | 2.6 (1.5) | — | — | — |
| BPRS negative | 2.8 (1.4) | — | — | — |
| BPRS disorganized | 1.8 (0.7) | — | — | — |
Note: SZ, schizophrenia group; CN, healthy control group; WTAR SS, Wechsler Test of Adult Reading Scale Score; DPX, Dot Pattern Expectancy Task % error difference score on AY-BX trials; PANAS NA, Positive and Negative Affect Scale Trait Negative Affect Subscale; PANAS PA, Positive and Negative Affect Scale Trait Positive Affect Subscale; TEPS-ANT, Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale-Anticipatory Subscale; TEPS-CON, Temporal Experience of Pleasure Subscale Consummatory Pleasure Subscale; BNSS, Brief Negative Symptom Scale total score; LOF, Level of Function Scale total score; BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Subjects were prescribed the following antipsychotic medications: clozapine (10), risperidone (7), quetiapine (5), olanzapine (4), aripiprazole (2), haloperidol (2), fluphenazine (1), chlorpromazine (1). Of subjects prescribed more than one antipsychotic medication: risperidone-clozapine (5), clozapine-quetiapine (1), olanzapine-quetiapine (1), haloperidol-aripiprazole (1). One subject was clinically stable and unmedicated at the time of testing.