Table 2.

Regression Models of Adolescent Depressive Symptoms, Substance Use, and Delinquency at T1 (N = 17,977)

	Depressive Symptoms OLS Coefficients			Substance Use Logistic ORs			Delinquency Negative Binomial IRRs

	M1	M2	M3	M1	M2	M3	M1	M2	M3
Family dinners	−0.04^***	−0.03^***	−0.01^***	0.85^***	0.88^***	0.92^***	0.94^***	0.94^***	0.97^***
Two bio parent (ref.)
Stepparent		0.06^***	0.03^*		1.70^***	1.53^***		1.22^***	1.12^**
Single parent		0.06^***	0.03^*		1.64^***	1.52^***		1.32^***	1.24^***
Other family structure		0.11^***	0.10^***		1.60^***	1.53^***		1.36^***	1.33^***
Number children in hh		0.01^**	0.01^*		0.95^**	0.95^**		1.01	1.00
Mother employed FT (ref.)^a
Mother not employed		−0.01	−0.01		0.81^**	0.81^**		0.94	0.94
Mother employed PT^a		−0.01	0.00		0.85^*	0.85^*		0.97	0.98
Global family relationship			−0.15^***			0.69^***			0.72^***
Parent–child relationship			−0.06^***			0.90^†			0.92^**
Activities with parent			−0.01			0.86^***			0.97^*
Arguments with parent			0.12^***			1.85^***			1.52^***
Parental control			0.02^***			0.91^***			0.97^**
Constant	0.80^***	0.45^***	1.25^***	3.72^***	0.15^***	2.35^†	2.34^***	6.78^***	40.04^***
ln alpha							0.33	0.19	0.00
Alpha							1.39	1.21	1.00
M2-M1 % Δ fam din coef.	−19.02^***			−24.10^***			8.09
M3-M1 % Δ fam din coef.	−61.08^***			−55.51^***			−48.73^***

Note: Analyses are weighted and design adjusted using svy commands in Stata 12.0. OLS coefficients are not standardized. Controls for gender, age, race and ethnicity, family income, and parents’ education are included but not shown. The --khb—command estimates and tests statistical significance of differences in family dinners coefficients across nested models, net of rescaling (Karlson et al., 2011; Kohler & Karlson, 2011). Caution is warranted in interpreting change in family dinners coefficients across nested negative binomial models as the test has not been formally derived for these models (Karlson, June 2011 e-mail correspondence).

FT denotes full-time employment, PT denotes part-time employment.

^†

p < .10.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001. (Two-tailed tests.)