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. 2013 Jun 7;20(1):36. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-36

Figure 7.

Figure 7

The combination of NLRP3 inflammasome-processed cytokines and IL-23 during DV infection induced the production of IL-17 from Th17/γδ Tcells. Stimulation of TLRs in GM-Mϕ with DV can induce the activation of NF-κB and MAPK, which promotes the transcription of a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines. NLRP3 inflammasome-activated caspase-1 further processes the pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 into their mature cytokine form, IL-1β and IL-18. IL-1β can also enhance the production of IL-23 and IL-6. The released IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-23 induce Th17/γδ T cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines which are responsible for host immune responses against DV infection.