Table 1.
Characteristics of mother-newborn pairs (n = 240)
| Characteristics | Mean ± SD or range and number (%) |
|---|---|
| Maternal | |
| Age, y |
29.1 (18–42) |
| Pre-gestational BMI, kg/m2 |
24.4 ± 4.5 |
| Net weight gain, kg |
14.6 ± 6.4 |
| Maternal education | |
| Low |
30 (12.5%) |
| Middle |
84 (35.0%) |
| High |
126 (52.5%) |
| Smoking |
|
| Never-smoker |
162 (67.6%) |
| Past-smoker |
39 (16.2%) |
| Smoker |
39 (16.2%) |
| Acetaminophen |
|
| No |
136 (56.7%) |
| Yes |
104 (43.3%) |
| Alcohola |
|
| No |
194 (82.5%) |
| Yes |
41 (17.5%) |
| Parity |
|
| 1 |
128 (53.3%) |
| 2 |
88 (36.7%) |
| ≥ 3 |
24 (10.0%) |
| Apparent temperature, °C |
|
| Trimester 1 |
9.4 ± 6.0 |
| Trimester 2 |
8.3 ± 6.2 |
| Trimester 3 |
8.6 ± 5.9 |
| Newborn |
|
| Newborn’s gender |
|
| Male |
110 (45.8%) |
| Female |
130 (54.2%) |
| Ethnicityb |
|
| European |
206 (86.5%) |
| Non-European |
32 (13.5%) |
| Gestational age, w |
39.2 (35–42) |
| Seasonc |
|
| Fall |
56 (23.3%) |
| Winter |
60 (25.0%) |
| Spring |
51 (21.3%) |
| Summer |
73 (30.4%) |
| Apgar score after 5 min |
|
| 7 |
2 (0.8%) |
| 8 |
11 (4.6%) |
| 9 |
74 (30.8%) |
| 10 |
153 (63.8%) |
| Birth weight, g |
3400.8 ± 422.3 |
| Birth length, cm |
50.2 ± 1.9 |
| Placental global DNA methylation, % | 4.6 ± 0.4 |
aData available for 235 and b238 subjects.
cSeason determined for date of conception.