Table 3.
Wild food species used in the northern slope of the Qinling mountains (plant families given according to APGIII [69])
| Family | Name | Part used for food | Habitat | Frequency in Houzhenzi | Frequency in Dali | Name in Houzhenzi | Name in Dali | Ma | Voucher specimen no. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
VASCULAR PLANTS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Actinidiaceae |
Actinidia chinensis Planch. |
fr |
f |
*** |
*** |
yemihoutao |
野猕猴桃 |
yemihoutao |
野猕猴桃 |
|
193 |
| |
Actinidia polygama Franch. & Sav. |
fr |
f |
|
1 |
|
|
gezaomihoutao |
葛枣猕猴桃 |
|
|
| Amaranthaceae |
Achyranthes bidentata Blume |
ap |
e |
* |
|
niuxi |
牛膝 |
|
|
|
185 |
| |
Amaranthus caudatus L. |
ap |
r |
** |
1 |
tianximi |
天西米 |
ximi |
菥蓂 |
|
|
| |
Amaranthus retroflexus L., A. paniculatus L., A. viridis L. etc. |
ap |
r |
**** |
**** |
hancai, renhancai |
汉菜, 人汉菜, |
hancai, renhancai |
汉菜, 人汉菜, |
|
56, 150 |
| |
Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium giganteum D. Don |
ap |
r |
**** |
*** |
huihuicai |
灰灰菜 |
huihuicai |
灰灰菜 |
x |
49, 160, 216 |
| |
Chenopodium glaucum L. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. |
ap |
e |
* |
yes |
tiesaoba |
铁扫把 |
dudusaozhou |
独独扫帚 |
|
118, 218 |
| Amaryllidaceae |
Allium funckiacfolium Hand.-Mazz. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Allium senescens L. |
ap |
e |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Allium ovalifolium Hand.-Mazz., Allium cf victorialis L. |
ap, u |
e |
* |
* |
gejiu, yejiu |
茖韭, 野韭 |
gejiu |
茖韭 |
|
200 |
| |
Allium paepalanthoides Airy Shaw |
ap, u |
e |
*** |
1 |
tiansuan |
天蒜 |
tiansuan |
天蒜 |
|
27 |
| |
Allium spp. (Allium cf. senescens L.; Allium macrostemon Bunge) |
ap |
e |
**** |
**** |
aijiucai, aisuan, yesuan, yongbaotou, luoerjiu, zongbaotou, yejiucai |
崖韭菜, 崖蒜, 野蒜, 罗儿韭,棕包头, 野韭菜 |
xiaosuan, luoerjiu, yancong, aisuan |
小蒜, 罗儿韭, 岩葱, 崖蒜 |
|
201, 202, 229 |
| |
Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. |
ap |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
yejiucai |
野韭菜 |
|
227 |
| Anacardiaceae |
Rhus potatninii Maxim. |
ap |
f |
1 |
* |
wubeizishu |
五倍子树 |
wubeizi |
五倍子 |
|
|
| |
Rhus verniciflua Stokes |
ap |
f |
* |
1 |
qishu |
漆树 |
qishuya |
漆树芽 |
|
18 |
| Apiaceae |
Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
yajiuban |
鸭脚板 |
|
|
|
103, 171 |
| |
Daucus carota L. |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Ligusticum sinense Oliv. 'Chuanhsiung ' |
ap |
r |
* |
1 |
chuanxiong |
川芎 |
chuanxiong |
川芎 |
|
51 |
| |
Ligusticum levisticum L. |
ap |
r |
|
1 |
|
|
gaoben |
藁本 |
|
|
| |
Oenanthe javanica DC. |
ap |
x |
1 |
** |
beizhe |
背折 |
shuiqincai |
水芹菜 |
x |
65, 213 |
| |
Pimpinella sp. |
ap |
f w |
**** |
|
shuiqincai, shaqincai |
水芹菜, 沙芹菜 |
|
|
|
105, 159 |
| |
Tongoloa silaifolia (de Bois.) Wolff |
ap |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
taibaisanqi |
太白三七 |
|
|
| Araliaceae |
Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W.Sm. |
ap |
f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Aralia chinensis L. |
ap |
f |
** |
** |
cilongpao |
刺龙袍 |
cilongpao, cichuntou, laohanchuizi |
刺龙袍, 刺椿头, 老汉锤子 |
x |
2 |
| Aristolochiaceae |
Asarum himalaicum Hook.f. & Thomson ex Klotzsch |
ap, u |
f |
* |
|
maoxixin |
毛细辛 |
|
|
|
7 |
| |
Asarum sieboldii Miq. |
ap, u |
f |
* |
|
xixin |
细辛 |
|
|
|
24, 163 |
| Asclepiadiaceae |
Cynanchum giraldii Schltr. |
u |
f |
* |
|
geshanxiao |
隔山消 |
|
|
|
133 |
| Asparagaceae |
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua |
u |
f |
1 |
|
huabeimaoqi |
华北毛七 |
|
|
|
74 |
| |
Polygonatum megaphyllum P.Y.Li and Polygonatum odoratum L. |
u |
f |
* |
|
yuzhu, yuzhushen |
玉竹, 玉竹参 |
|
|
|
31, 34 |
| |
Smilacina japonica A.Gray , Smilacina henryi (Baker) Hara |
ap |
f |
* |
* |
piantoucai |
偏头菜 |
piantoucai |
偏头菜 |
|
6, 129 |
| Asteraceae |
Carduus crispus L. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Anaphalis aureopunctata f.flavescens Lingelsh et Borza |
ap |
e |
* |
|
shiqucao |
鼠曲草 |
|
|
|
137 |
| |
Anaphalis margaritacea Benth. & Hook.f. |
ap |
e |
* |
|
qingmingcai |
清明菜 |
|
|
|
116, 161 |
| |
Arctium lappa L. |
ls, u |
x |
* |
|
niubangzi |
牛蒡子 |
|
|
x |
23, 156 |
| |
Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Artemisia argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Artemisia capillaris Thunb. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Artemisia subdigitata Mattf. |
ap |
r |
* |
* |
ai |
艾 |
shuihao |
水蒿 |
|
21 |
| |
Cacalia roborowskii (Maxim.) Y.Ling |
ap |
e |
* |
|
xiongerduo |
熊耳朵 |
|
|
|
44 |
| |
Cirsium arvense var. setosum (Willd.) C.A.Mey |
ap |
r |
** |
** |
honghuamiao, ciji |
红花苗, 刺蓟 |
ciji |
刺蓟 |
|
178, 210 |
| |
Cirsium spp. eg Cirsium botryoides Petrak ex Hand.-Mzt. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
xiaoji |
小蓟 |
|
|
x |
62, 101, 117 |
| |
Cirsium segetum Bunge |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist |
ap |
r |
1 |
|
guangguangcao |
冠罐草 |
|
|
|
141 |
| |
Erigeron acer L. |
ap |
r |
1 |
|
guangguangcao |
冠罐草 |
|
|
|
59 |
| |
Hieracium sp. |
ap |
r |
** |
|
kuma(i)cai |
苦荬菜 |
|
|
|
197 |
| |
Ixeris denticulata (Houtt.) Stebbins |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Ixeris chinensis Nakai. |
ap |
f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Ixeris sonchifolia Hance |
ap |
r |
*** |
*** |
kumaicai |
苦荬菜 |
kuqu |
|
x |
122 |
| |
Kalimeris pinnatifida (Maxim.) Kitam. |
ap |
e |
* |
|
malantou |
马兰头 |
|
|
|
52, 135, 180 |
| |
Lactuca serriola L. |
ap |
r |
** |
|
xiaobaijiang, xiaokumacai, kumacai |
小苦荬菜, 苦荬菜 |
|
|
|
107 |
| |
Leontopodium japonicum Miq. |
ap |
e |
* |
|
shuqucao |
鼠曲草 |
|
|
|
136 |
| |
Picris hieracioides L. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
kumaicai |
苦荬菜 |
|
|
|
123, 181 |
| |
Saussurea dolichopoda Diels |
ap |
f |
*** |
*** |
kongtongcai, kongxincai |
空筒菜, 空心菜 |
xiangtongcai, kongxincai |
响筒菜, 空心菜 |
|
177, 235 |
| |
Senecio scandens Ham. |
ap |
|
|
|
jiuliming |
九里明 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Sinacalia tangutica (Maxim.) B.Nord. |
u |
e f |
* |
* |
shuiluobo |
水萝卜 |
shuiluobo |
水萝卜 |
|
43, 151 |
| |
Sonchus asper L |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Sonchus oleraceus L. |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Sylibum marianum L. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Taraxacum mongolicum Han.-Mzt |
ap |
r |
** |
** |
pugongying, kumaicai, dakucai |
蒲公英,苦荬菜,大苦菜 |
pugongying |
蒲公英 |
x |
8 |
| Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens notolopha Maxim. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
daolaonnen |
到老嫩 |
|
|
|
179 |
| Begoniaceae |
Begonia sinensis A.DC. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
yikouxie |
一口血 |
|
|
|
138 |
| Brassicaceae |
Capsella bursa-pastoris Medik. |
ap |
r |
*** |
* |
didicai |
地地菜 |
diercai, didicai |
地儿菜, 地地菜 |
x |
25 |
| |
Cardamine engleriana O.E.Schultz. |
ap |
w |
|
1 |
|
|
guangtoushansuimiji |
光头山碎米荠 |
|
|
| |
Cardamine macrophylla Willd. |
ap |
f w |
*** |
**** |
shijiacai |
石夹菜 |
shijiacai |
石夹菜 |
|
20 |
| |
Cardamine spp. (other smaller species e.g. Cardamine flexuosa With., C. hirsuta L.) |
ap |
f |
* |
* |
xiaoshijiacai |
小石夹菜 |
huadidi, huadier |
花地地(small caidamine) |
|
228 |
| |
Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl |
ap |
e |
** |
|
yinchen, mihao |
因陈 , 米蒿 |
|
|
|
142 |
| |
Rorippa montana Small |
ap |
r |
* |
** |
manjingcai, lalacai |
蔓茎菜, 辣辣菜 |
lalacai, lazicai |
辣辣, 辣子菜 |
x |
234 |
| |
Rorippa indica L. |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Thlaspi arvense L. |
ap |
r |
*** |
* |
jidanhuang |
鸡蛋黄 |
kugen |
苦根 |
|
10, 228 |
| Campanulaceae |
Adenophora spp. (Adenophora capillaris Hemsl., Adenophora polyantha Nakai) |
ap, u |
e |
*** |
*** |
naijiangcai |
奶浆菜 |
naiercai, nainaicai |
奶儿菜, 奶奶菜 |
|
134, 198, 199, 226 |
| Caprifoliaceae |
Lonicera standishii Carr. |
fr |
f |
* |
** |
kutangpao |
苦糖泡 |
yangnaizi, kutangpao |
羊奶, 苦糖泡 |
|
26 |
| |
Sambucus williamsii Hance |
ap |
f |
1 |
1 |
jiegumu |
接骨木 |
shuhuacai |
树花菜 |
|
47 |
| |
Viburnum sargentii Koehne |
fr |
f |
1 |
|
[no name] |
|
|
|
|
99 |
| Caryophyllaceae |
Arenaria serpyllifolia L. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Lychnis senno Siebold & Zucc. |
ap |
e |
* |
|
honghuacai |
黄花菜 |
|
|
|
57, 186 |
| |
Silene conoidea L. |
ap |
r |
* |
** |
maipiancai |
麦片菜 |
maihuaping |
麦花瓶 |
x |
140 |
| |
Stellaria media (L.) Vill. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
eerchang |
鹅儿肠 |
|
|
|
33, 152 |
| |
Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke |
ap |
r |
|
1 |
|
|
pangwawa |
胖娃娃 |
|
|
| Celastraceae |
Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. |
ap |
f |
**** |
*** |
baiwanye |
白蔓叶 |
baiwanye |
白蔓叶 |
|
17 |
| |
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold |
fr |
f |
1 |
1 |
bashu, bamu |
巴树, 巴木 |
bamu |
巴木 |
|
|
| |
Parnassia wightiana Wall. |
ap |
f |
1 |
|
xinyecao |
心叶草 |
|
|
|
147 |
| Cephalotaxaceae |
Cephalotaxus sinensis (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) H.L.Li |
fr |
f |
* |
1 |
baigeiguo, bizishu, shuibai, sunguo |
白盖果,篦子树,水柏,松果 |
sanjianshanguo |
三尖杉果 |
|
14, 164 |
| Commelinaceae |
Commelina communis L. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
danzhuye, zhuyecao, miandazi |
淡竹叶,竹叶草,面鞑子 |
|
|
|
106, 158 |
| Convallariaceae |
Tricyrtis macropoda Miq. |
ap |
f |
*** |
*** |
huangguacai |
黄瓜菜 |
huangguacai |
黄瓜菜 |
|
4, 176 |
| Convolvulaceae |
Calystegia hederacea Wall. |
ap |
r |
|
* |
|
|
dawanhua, labahua |
打碗花, 喇叭花 |
x |
|
| |
Cuscuta cf chinensis L. |
ap |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
wugencao |
无根草 |
|
|
| Cornaceae |
Cornus kousa Bürger ex Miq. |
fr |
f |
*** |
* |
shizao |
石枣 |
shizaozi, yelizhi |
石枣子, 野荔枝 |
|
16, 165 |
| Corylaceae |
Corylus heterophylla Fisch. ex Besser |
fr |
f |
* |
1 |
zhenzi, maoli, maolizishu, |
榛子, 毛栗子树 |
zhenzi |
榛子 |
|
15, 167 |
| Crassulaceae |
Sedum aizoon L., S. sarmentosum Bunge, pampaninii Raym.-Hamet, S. lineare Thunb. |
ap |
e |
** |
** |
gouyaban, gouzacai, machijie, dabusi, chuipencao |
狗牙瓣, 打不死 |
shitouya, gouyacai, manaocai |
石头芽, 狗牙菜, 玛瑙菜 |
|
75, 131, 120, 127, 153, 192, 222 |
| |
Sedum amplibracteatum K.T.Fu |
ap |
f |
*** |
*** |
huaqiaoman, lazimiao, lajiaomiao, yelacai |
花荞蔓, 野辣子苗苗, 辣椒苗, 叶辣菜 |
lajiaomiao, lalacai, lazicai, yelazi |
辣椒苗, 辣子菜, 野辣子 |
|
168, 182 |
| |
Sedum verticillatum L. |
ap |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
jingtiansanqi |
景天三七 |
|
|
| Cucurbitaceae |
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino |
ap |
e |
1 |
|
jiaogulan |
绞股蓝 |
|
|
|
no |
| Dennstaedtiaceae |
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn |
ap, u |
x |
**** |
**** |
juecai, juegen, longzhua |
蕨菜, 蕨根, 龙爪菜 |
yangjuecai, yangjuegen |
羊蕨菜, 羊蕨根 |
x |
9, 214 |
| Dioscoreaceae |
Dioscorea batatas Decne. |
u |
f |
* |
* |
shanyao |
山药 |
yeshanyao |
野山药 |
|
53, 191, 209 |
| Dryopteridaceae |
Cyrtomium fortunei J.Sm. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
unidentified fern cf. Dryopteridaceae |
ap |
f |
1 |
|
xiaojitoucai |
小鸡头菜 |
|
|
|
111 |
| Ebenaceae |
Diospyros lotus L. |
fr |
x |
|
* |
|
|
shishu, junqianzi |
柿树, 君迁子 |
|
|
| Eleagnaceae |
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. |
fr |
e |
*** |
1 |
yangnaizi, niunaizi |
羊奶子, 牛奶子 |
jianzi |
剪子 |
|
29, 232 |
| |
Hippophae rhamnoides L. |
fr |
x |
|
1 |
|
|
xiaoguoshaji |
小果沙棘 |
|
|
| Ericaceae |
Pyrola decorata Andres |
ap |
f |
* |
|
hongru, shoucha |
红茹,寿茶 |
|
|
|
68 |
| |
Pyrola rotundifolia L. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
bairu, shoucha |
白茹,寿茶 |
|
|
|
69 |
| Fabaceae |
Cercis chinensis Bunge |
ap |
f |
|
1 |
|
|
momoye |
馍馍叶 |
|
208 |
| |
Kummerovia stipueacea (Makim.) Makino |
ap |
e |
|
|
|
|
qiabuqi |
掐不齐 |
|
|
| |
Medicago sativa L. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
muxicai |
苜蓿菜 |
|
|
|
54 |
| |
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi |
u |
e |
** |
* |
gegen |
葛根 |
gegen |
葛根 |
|
|
| |
Robinia pseudoacacia L. |
ap |
f |
* |
1 |
huaihua |
槐花 |
huaihua |
槐花 |
x |
40 |
| |
Vicia cracca L. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
yewandoujian |
野豌豆尖 |
|
|
|
3, 71 |
| |
Vicia sp. |
ap |
r |
|
1 |
|
|
maoshaozi |
毛苕子 |
|
|
| Fagaceae |
Castanea mollissima Blume |
fr |
f |
** |
** |
yemaoli, yebanli |
野毛栗, 野板栗 |
yemaoli, yebanli |
野毛栗, 野板栗 |
|
130 |
| |
Quercus variabilis Blume |
fr |
f |
1 |
|
xiangzishu |
橡子树 |
|
|
|
|
| Grossulariaceae |
Ribes glaciale Wall. |
fr |
f |
1 |
|
[no name] |
|
|
|
|
37 |
| Helwingiaceae |
Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) F.Dietr. |
ap |
f |
**** |
**** |
yeshanghua |
叶上花 |
yeshanghua, yeshanhua |
叶上花, 叶扇花 |
x |
22, 175 |
| Juglandaceae |
Juglans cathayensis Dode |
fr |
f |
** |
** |
yehetao |
野核桃 |
yehetao |
野核桃 |
|
|
| Lamiaceae |
Caryopteris divaricata Maxim. |
ap |
f |
**** |
1 |
choulaohan, laohanxiang |
臭老汉/老汉香 |
choulaohan |
臭老汉 |
|
109 |
| |
Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
choumudan, choulaohan |
臭牡丹,臭老汉 |
|
|
|
11 |
| |
Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. |
ap |
e |
* |
|
yebaicai, zelan |
野白菜,泽兰 |
|
|
|
98 |
| |
Mentha haplocalyx Briq. |
ap |
e |
1 |
|
bohe, yuxiangcao |
薄荷,鱼香草 |
|
|
|
114 |
| |
Stachys affinis Bunge |
u |
r |
* |
|
diguniu |
地牯牛 |
|
|
|
67, 157 |
| Lardizabalaceae |
Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. |
fr |
f |
*** |
**** |
bayuegua, bayuezha |
奶浆菜, 八月炸 |
bayuegua, bayuezha |
奶浆菜, 八月炸 |
|
119 |
| |
Decaisnea fargesii Franch. |
fr |
f |
*** |
*** |
maoshigua, yexiangjiao |
猫屎瓜, 野香蕉 |
yexiangjiao, maoshigua, maoershi |
野香蕉, 猫屎瓜, 猫儿屎 |
|
173 |
| Liliaceae |
Hemerocallis spp. (Hemerocallis dumortierii C.Morren, Hemerocallis fulva L.) |
fl |
e |
** |
* |
yehuanghua |
野黄花 |
yehuanghua |
野黄花 |
|
42, 139 |
| |
Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Spae |
u |
f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Lilium giganteum Wall. |
u |
w,f |
** |
|
shuibaihe |
水百合 |
|
|
|
35 |
| |
Lilium longiflorum Thunb. |
u |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| |
Lilium lancifolium Thunb. (as L. tigrinum) |
u |
x,w |
** |
|
yebaihe |
野百合 |
|
|
|
64, 124, 184 |
| Linnaeaceae |
Abelia engleriana Rehder |
ap |
f |
*** |
* |
shenxiandoufu |
神仙豆腐 |
shenxiandoufu |
神仙豆腐 |
|
36 |
| Malvaceae |
Grewia biloba G.Don. Var. Parviflora (Bge) Hand.-Mzt. |
fr |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
gebengbeng |
咯嘣蹦 |
|
|
| |
Malva sinensis Cav. |
if |
r |
1 |
1 |
dawanhua |
打碗花 |
yejinkui |
野锦葵 |
|
162, 221 |
| Meliaceae |
Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem. |
ap |
e |
**** |
**** |
xiangchun |
香椿 |
xiangchun |
香椿 |
x |
5 |
| Menispermaceae |
Cocculus trilobus (Thunb.) DC. |
ap |
x |
|
1 |
|
|
heimanye |
黑蔓叶 |
|
233 |
| Moraceae |
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. |
ap, fl |
r |
* |
* |
goushuguo, gouye |
构树果,构 叶 |
goutao |
构桃 |
x |
132 |
| |
Morus australis Poir. |
fr |
f |
* |
|
sangpao, sangshu |
桑泡,桑树 |
|
|
|
45 |
| Onocleaceae |
Matteucia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. |
ap |
x |
**** |
**** |
jitoucai |
鸡头菜 |
jiwacai, jiercai |
鸡娃菜, 鸡儿菜 |
|
46, 174, 220 |
| Orchidaceae |
Bletilla striata Rchb.f. |
u |
f |
1 |
|
baiji |
白芨 |
|
|
|
206 |
| |
Gastrodia elata Blume |
u |
f |
|
1 |
|
|
tianma |
天麻 |
|
|
| Oxalidaceae |
Oxalis spp. (O. griffithii Edgew. & Hook.f., O. corniculata L.) |
ap |
f r |
* |
1 |
suancao, suancai, suansuancao |
酸草,酸菜,酸酸草 |
suanjiji |
酸唧唧 |
|
13, 55, 183 |
| Penthoraceae |
Penthorum chinense Pursh. |
ap |
f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| Phytolaccaceae |
Phytolacca esculenta Van Houtte |
ap, u, fr |
r |
|
* |
|
|
jiangliusheng |
江柳绳 |
x |
212 |
| Plantaginaceae |
Plantago asiatica L. |
ap |
r e |
* |
|
kaimenye, cheqiancao, cheqianzi |
开门叶,车前草,车前子 |
|
|
|
1, 149 |
| |
Veronica didyma Tenore |
ap |
r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| Poaceae |
unidentified Bambusae |
ap |
f |
1 |
|
zhusun |
竹笋 |
|
|
|
|
| Polygonaceae |
Fagopyrum gracilipes (Hemsl.) Dammer |
ap |
r |
1 |
|
yeqiaomai, qiaomaimiao |
乔麦苗 |
|
|
|
143 |
| |
Polygonum aviculare L. |
ap |
r e |
1 |
1 |
bianxu |
萹蓄 |
bianxucai |
萹蓄草 |
|
63, 219 |
| |
Polygonum ciliinerve (Nakai) Ohwi |
u |
e |
* |
|
qiaomaitou |
荞麦头 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Rumex crispus L. |
ap |
e |
** |
1 |
niushetou, yedahuang |
牛舌头,野大黄 |
luerduo |
驴耳朵 |
|
66 |
| Portulaccaceae |
Portulacca oleracea L. |
ap |
r e |
|
1 |
|
|
machixian |
马齿苋 |
x |
|
| Primulaceae |
Lysimachia hemsleyana Maxim. ex Oliv. |
ap |
e |
1 |
|
guoluhuang |
过路黄 |
|
|
|
144 |
| Ranunculaceae |
Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux (more often cultivated) |
u |
x |
1 |
* |
wuyao |
乌药 |
wuyao |
乌药 |
|
50, 155 |
| Rhamnaceae |
Berchemia sinica Schneid. |
fr |
f |
* |
|
yaguteng |
亚古藤,勾儿茶 |
|
|
|
121 |
| |
Hovenia dulcis Thunb. |
fr |
f |
|
1 |
|
|
guaizao |
拐枣 |
|
|
| |
Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu |
fr |
e |
1 |
|
|
|
shanzao |
山栆 |
|
|
| Rosaceae |
Crataegus hupehensis Sarg. |
fr |
f |
* |
** |
yeshanzha |
野山楂 |
yeshanzha, mianli, mianlizi |
野山楂, 面梨, 面梨子 |
|
|
| |
Fragaria spp. (Fragaria corymbosa Losinsk., Fragaria pentaphylla Losinsk.) |
fr |
e |
*** |
* |
caomei, dipao, didipaoxiangpao |
草莓, 地泡, 地地泡, 香泡 |
caomei, yecaomei |
草莓, 野草莓 |
|
58, 169, 170 |
| |
Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh. |
fr |
f |
|
1 |
|
|
qiuzi |
秋子 |
|
225 |
| |
Potentilla indica (Andrews) Th.Wolf |
u |
r e |
|
* |
|
|
shemei |
蛇莓 |
|
217 |
| |
Potentilla sp. |
ap |
r |
* |
|
guanyincha |
观音茶 |
|
|
|
115 |
| |
Prunus armeniaca L. |
fr |
x |
** |
** |
yexing |
野杏 |
yexing |
野杏 |
|
|
| |
Prunus canescens Bois, P. pilosiuscula Koehne |
fr |
f |
** |
|
yeyingtao |
野樱桃 |
|
|
|
39 |
| |
Prunus davidiana Franch. |
fr |
x |
1 |
|
shantao |
山桃 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Prunus cfr polytricha Koehne |
fr |
f |
* |
|
chuantao |
川桃 |
|
|
|
28 |
| |
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch |
fr |
f |
** |
*** |
yetaozi |
野桃子 |
yetaozi |
野桃子 |
|
38 |
| |
Prunus salicina Lindl. |
fr |
x |
*** |
*** |
yelizi, zemaili, huolizi, huoli, yemaili |
野李子, 火李子, 火李, 野麦李 |
yelizi, kuli, huoli |
野李子, 苦李, 火李 |
|
187 |
| |
Prunus tomentosa Thunb. |
fr |
f |
|
*** |
|
|
yeyingtao, maoyingtao, maotao |
野樱桃, 毛樱桃, 毛桃 |
|
224 |
| |
Pyrus xerophila T.T.Yu |
fr |
e x |
*** |
** |
yeli, mali, shanli |
野梨, 麻梨, 山梨 |
yeli, mali |
野梨, 麻梨 |
|
|
| |
Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) H.L.Li |
fr |
e |
1 |
|
jiubingliang |
救兵粮 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Rosa omeiensis Rolfe |
fr |
e |
1 |
|
cishiliu |
刺石榴 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Rosa sp. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
cimeihua |
刺玫花 |
|
|
|
110 |
| |
Rubus spp. |
fr |
e x |
*** |
* |
duanyangpao, xuangouzi |
端阳泡, 悬钩子 |
meizi |
莓子 |
|
|
| |
Rubus coreanus Miq. |
fr |
e |
** |
|
cipao, dipao, fupenzi |
刺泡, 地泡,覆盆子 |
|
|
|
30 |
| |
Rubus flosculosus Focke |
fr |
e |
** |
|
caizipao |
菜子泡 |
|
|
|
195 |
| |
Rubus pungens Cambess. |
fr |
e x |
** |
|
huangcipao |
黄刺泡 |
|
|
|
61 |
| Rubiaceae |
Galium aparine L. |
ap |
r |
|
1 |
|
|
ranwawa |
然娃娃 |
|
|
| Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. |
ap, fr |
f |
* |
1 |
yehuajiao |
野花椒 |
yehuajiao |
野花椒 |
|
no |
| Sabiaceae |
Sabia shensiensis H.Y.Chen |
ap |
f |
* |
|
qingtengcai, tengercai |
青藤菜, 藤儿菜 |
qingtengwan |
青藤蔓 |
|
166 |
| Salicaceae |
Salix cf babylonica L. |
ap |
e |
|
1 |
|
|
liushu |
柳树 |
|
|
| Santalaceae |
Buckleya henryi Diels |
fr |
f |
|
* |
|
|
mainhuli, mimianwong |
面核梨, 米面翁 |
|
231 |
| Saururaceae |
Houttuynia cordata Thunb. |
ap |
r |
|
1 |
|
|
yuxingcao |
鱼腥草 |
x |
|
| Saxifragaceae |
Bergenia scopulosa T.P.Wang |
ap |
w |
1 |
|
yebaicai |
野白菜 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chrysosplenium biondianum Engl. |
ap |
f |
*** |
*** |
hongjincai |
红筋菜 |
hongjincai |
红筋菜 |
|
188 |
| |
Chrysosplenium sinicum Maxim. |
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
| Schisandraceae |
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehder & E.H.Wilson |
fr |
f |
**** |
**** |
wuweizi |
五味子 |
wuweizi |
五味子 |
|
48, 196 |
| Solanaceae |
Physalis alkekengi L. |
ap |
r |
|
* |
|
|
guajindeng, denglonghuacai |
挂金, 灯笼花菜 |
|
215 |
| |
Solanum nigrum L. |
ap |
r |
1 |
* |
suanjiang |
酸浆 |
heilaopo, longkai |
黑老婆 |
x |
70, 211 |
| Staphyleaceae |
Staphylea bumalda DC., S. holocarpa Hemsl. |
ap, fl |
f |
**** |
|
shuhuacai |
树花菜 |
|
|
|
12, 189, 190 |
| Ulmaceae |
Ulmus bergmanniana C.K.Schneid., Ulmus propinqua Koidz. |
ap, b, if |
f e |
** |
* |
yushu |
榆树 |
yushu |
榆树 |
x |
32, 60 |
| Urticaceae |
Boehmeria gracilis C.H.Wright |
ap |
x |
* |
|
honghema |
红河麻 |
|
|
|
128, 194 |
| |
Boehmeria tricuspis Makino |
ap |
x |
* |
|
hema |
河麻 |
|
|
|
76 |
| |
Pilea mongolica Wedd. |
ap |
f |
* |
|
daolaonen |
到老嫩 |
|
|
|
207 |
| |
Urtica fissa E.Pritz. ex Diels |
ap |
x |
* |
|
baihema |
白河麻 |
|
|
|
41 |
| Violaceae |
Viola cf. grypoceras A.Gray |
ap |
r |
1 |
|
didingcao |
地丁草 |
|
|
|
145 |
| Vitaceae |
Vitis ficifolia Bunge |
fr |
f |
*** |
*** |
yeputao |
野葡萄 |
yeputao |
野葡萄 |
|
19 |
| |
FUNGI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Auriculariaceae |
Auricularia sp. (more often cultivated) |
fb |
f |
* |
* |
muer |
木耳 |
muer |
木耳 |
|
|
| Boletaceae |
Boletus spp. |
fb |
f |
** |
* |
niuganjun, dajiaogu |
牛肝菌, 大脚菇 |
niuganjun |
牛肝菌 |
|
204, 236 |
| Cantharellaceae |
Cantharellus cibarius Fr. |
fb |
f |
** |
** |
huangsijun |
牛肝菌 |
huangsijun, jiyoujun |
牛肝菌, 鸡油菌 |
|
203 |
| Gomphaceae |
Ramaria spp. |
fb |
f |
*** |
* |
shuabajun |
刷把菌 |
guoshuajun |
锅刷菌 |
|
205 |
| Hericiaceae |
Hericium sp. |
fb |
f |
* |
* |
houtoujun |
猴头菌 |
houtoujun |
猴头菌 |
|
|
| Marasmiaceae |
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (more often cultivated) |
fb |
f |
** |
1 |
yexianggu |
野香菇 |
yexianggu |
野香菇 |
|
|
| Meripilaceae |
Grifola umbellata (Pers.) Pilát |
fb |
f |
** |
** |
zhulingjun |
猪苓菌 |
zhulingjun, zhulinghua |
猪苓菌, 猪苓花 |
|
223 |
| Morchellaceae |
Morchella sp. |
fb |
f |
* |
|
yangquejun |
羊雀菌 |
|
|
|
|
| Pleurotaceae |
Pleurotus sp. |
fb |
f |
*** |
* |
dongjun |
冻菌 |
dongjun |
冻菌 |
|
|
| Polyporaceae |
Laetiporus sulphureus (??) |
fb |
f |
* |
|
jiguanjun |
鸡冠菌 |
|
|
|
|
| Tricholomataceae |
Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito & S. Imai) Singer (?) |
fb |
f |
|
* |
|
|
songrongjun |
松茸菌 |
|
|
| |
UNIDENTIFIED MUSHROOM |
fb |
f |
* |
|
qiaomianjun |
荞面菌 |
|
|
|
|
| |
UNIDENIFIED TERRESTRIAL GILLED MUSHROOM |
fb |
f |
** |
** |
banlijun |
板栗菌 |
banlijun, maolijun |
板栗菌, 毛栗菌 |
|
|
| |
UNIDENTIFIED MUSHROOM |
fb |
f |
** |
|
qiaomaijun |
荞麦菌 |
|
|
|
|
| |
UNIDENTIFIED MUSHROOM |
fb |
f |
1 |
|
baogujun |
包谷菌 |
|
|
|
|
| |
UNIDENTIFIED MUSHROOM |
fb |
f |
|
* |
|
|
yangdujun |
羊肚菌 |
|
|
| UNIDENTIFIED MUSHROOM | fb | f | * | mabojun | 马脖菌 | ||||||
Ma – Recorded by Ma et al. 2002 [38,39].
Habitat types: e – forest edges, shrubland, forest clearings, grassland; f – forest; r – ruderal; w – water edges; x – ubiquitous.
Parts consumed: fr – fruit, ap –aerial parts, u – underground parts, fl – flowers, b – bark, fb – fruiting body, ls – leaf stalks, if – immature fruits.
Frequency: **** > 50% of respondents; *** > 1/4 of respondents; ** > 1/8 of respondents; * from 2 to 8 respondents; 1 – one respondent.