Table 1. Characteristics of participants according to CVD risk factors.* .
| CVD risk factors | Total | ||||
| None | Single | Cluster | |||
| Number | 12 026 | 14 365 | 20 292 | 46 683 | |
| Prevalence (%) | 31.1(30.2–31.9) | 32.7(31.9–33.6) | 36.2(35.4–37.1) | ||
| Age(years) | |||||
| 18–44 | 77.0(75.7–78.2) | 60.6(59.1–62.0) | 42.0(40.6–43.5) | 59.0(58.1–59.8) | |
| 45–64 | 18.3(17.2–19.4) | 30.0(28.7–31.3) | 41.5(40.2–42.9) | 30.5(29.8–31.3) | |
| ≥65 | 4.7(4.1–5.3) | 9.4(8.7–10.2) | 16.4(15.5–17.3) | 10.5(10.0–10.9) | |
| Male (%) | 47.7(46.0–49.5) | 50.7(49.1–52.3) | 52.9(51.5–54.3) | 50.6(49.6–51.5) | |
| High school education or above (%) | 37.8(36.1–39.5) | 31.2(29.8–32.7) | 25.8(24.6–27.0) | 31.3(30.5–32.2) | |
| Have health insurance (%) | 90.9(89.9–91.9) | 91.7(90.9–92.5) | 93.5(92.8–94.1) | 92.1(91.6–92.6) | |
| Household income (1000 RMB per year) * | 24(9–48) | 24(9–48) | 24(9–48) | 24(9–48) | |
| Family history of premature diseases (%)† | 15.2(13.8–16.7) | 18.9(17.5–20.3) | 25.4(24.0–26.7) | 20.1(19.3–20.9) | |
| Lifestyle risk factors | |||||
| Habitual drinking (%) | 3.1(2.6–3.7) | 5.6(5.0–6.3) | 8.1(7.3–8.8) | 5.7(5.3–6.1) | |
| Leisure-time physical inactivity (%) | 82.6(81.3–84.0) | 81.7(80.4–82.9) | 84.2(83.2–85.2) | 82.9(82.2–83.6) | |
| Chronic use of NSAIDs (%) | 1.9(1.4–2.5) | 4.3(3.6–5.0) | 5.0(4.4–5.6) | 3.8(3.4–4.2) | |
| Modified DASH score in tertile1 (%) | 29.0(27.3–30.7) | 33.8(32.2–35.4) | 35.3(33.9–36.8) | 32.8(31.9–33.8) | |
| Lifestyle score | |||||
| 0 | 14.1(12.9–15.3) | 14.4(13.2–15.5) | 11.5(10.7–12.3) | 13.2(12.6–13.9) | |
| 1 | 58.1(56.2–60.0) | 51.6(49.9–53.3) | 51.1(49.5–52.6) | 53.5(52.5–54.5) | |
| ≥2 | 27.8(26.1–29.6) | 34.0(32.3–35.7) | 37.4(35.9–38.9) | 33.3(32.4–34.2) | |
CVD = cardiovascular disease; RMB = Ren Min Bi; NSAIDS = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; DASH = dietary approaches to stop hypertension.
The categorical variables are presented as prevalence rate (95% confidence intervals), and all prevalence rates are adjusted for synthesized weights.
*
Household income is presented as the median (inter-quartile range) because of substantial skewness.
†
First-degree relatives suffered from hypertension, diabetes, stroke and/or coronary heart disease, and the onset was before the age of 55 for men or before the age of 65 for women.