Table 2.

MiRNAs associated with serum or tissue levels of vitamin D3 metabolites in patients.

	Cells/tissue	Organ	Dose vitamin D	miRNAs					References
				Total profiled/method		Up-regulated		Down-regulated
Patient specimens	Plasma (males)	Plasma	Vitamin D3 supplementation in males: Pilot study 1: 40,000 IU/week for 1 year (N=5) Pilot study 2: for 1 year (N=5) Main study: for 12 months [20,000 (N=19) or 40,000 (N= 21) IU/week or placebo (N=37)]-males	730 Pilot 1	qRT-PCR	let-7f	miR-543	miR-106b	Jorde et al. [77]
				742 Pilot 2		miR-133b	miR-766	miR-19a
				12 Main		miR-26a	miR-15b	miR-22
						miR-28-5p	miR-191	miR-424
						miR-338-3p	miR-221	miR-548b-3p
						let-7a	miR-331-3p	miR-660
						let-7d	miR-339-5p	miR-324-5p
						miR-146a	miR-374b	mR-532-3p
						miR-151-3p/5p	miR-99b
	Plasma (pregnant women)	Plasma	Participants (N= 13) with low (<25.5 ng./ml) and high (>31.7 ng/ml) 25(OH)2D3	1884	OneArray™	miR-589	miR-320d	miR-574-5p	Enquobahrie
					miRNA	miR-601	miR-423-3p		et al. [85]
					microarray	miR-573	miR-484
						miR-196a*	miR-93
						miR-92b
						miR-138
						(Comparing high to low 25D concentrations)
	LCM-collected human prostate epithelium	Prostate	Vitamin D3 [400, 10,000, 40,000 IU/day for 3-8 weeks]	12	qRT-PCR	Benign:	PCa:	n/a	Giangreco et al. [93]
						miR-141	miR-100
						miR-103	miR-125b
						miR-100	miR-106b
						miR-125b	miR-141
						let-7a	miR-103
						let-7b	miR-331-3p
							let-7a
							let-7b
						(miRNA with positive correlation to 1,25 and/or25D)