Table 1.

 Comparison of characteristics of case patients with rotavirus diarrhea, controls with non-rotavirus diarrhea, and controls with non-diarrheal illness, March 2010 to June 2011. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise

Characteristic	Cases (rotavirus positive*) (n=400)	Controls
		Rotavirus negative† (n=718)	P value	Non-diarrhea‡ (n=1200)	P value
Median (range) age, months	12 (1-35)	12 (2-32)	0.26§	12 (1-36)	0.27§
Male sex	260 (65)	400 (56)	0.002	642 (54)	<0.001
Chronic underlying illness	21 (5)	39 (5)	0.89	118 (10)	0.01
History of breast feeding	371 (93)	674 (94)	0.69	1161 (97)	0.002
Day care attendance	61 (15)	57 (8)	<0.001	117 (10)	0.009
Low birth weight (<2500 g)	34/367 (9)	83/680 (12)	0.15	113/1135 (10)	0.7
Maternal education:			0.01		<0.001
None	7/398 (2)	14/712 (2)		20/1194 (2)
Primary school	119/398 (30)	230/712 (32)		279/1194 (23)
Secondary school	210/398 (53)	311/712 (44)		591/1194 (50)
Tertiary school	62/398 (16)	157/712 (22)		304/1194 (25)
Median (range) No of children in home	2 (1-18)	2 (1-20)	0.12§	2 (1-10)	<0.001§
Median (range) No of people in home	4.5 (1-16)	4.0 (1-20)	0.86§	4 (1-20)	0.47§
Socioeconomic parameters:
Median (range) No of rooms in home	3 (1-11)	3 (1-11)	0.03§	4 (1-11)	<0.001§
Electricity in home	392 (98)	707 (98)	0.56	1176 (98)	0.92
Own motorized vehicle	99 (25)	177 (25)	0.97	343 (29)	0.14
Telephone in home	85 (21)	171 (24)	0.33	353 (29)	0.002
Computer in home	59 (15)	141 (20)	0.04	284 (24)	<0.001

*Patients admitted to hospital or emergency department with acute gastroenteritis who had enzyme immunoassay stool testing positive for rotavirus.

†Patients admitted to hospital or emergency department with acute gastroenteritis who had enzyme immunoassay stool testing negative for rotavirus.

‡Non-diarrhea hospital controls were matched by age (±30 days) and hospital.

§P value for Wilcoxon rank sum test.