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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 20.
Published in final edited form as: Gene. 2005 Dec 19;367:1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2005.10.028

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Mechanical force in the cellular environment. Skeletal loading generates deformation of the hard tissue with strain across the cell's substrate, pressure in the intramedullary cavity and within the cortices with transient pressure waves, shear forces through cannaliculi which cause drag over cells, and dynamic electric fields as interstitial fluid flows past charged bone crystals.