Table 4.

Gallbladder-related toxicity and potential gallbladder-related toxicity reported with tyrosine kinase inhibitors other than motesanib

Agent	Molecular target(s)	Study / Study type	Adverse events reported
Cediranib	VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3	Laurie et al. [21] – phase 1 study	Acute cholecystitis
		Batchelor et al. [22] – phase 2 study	Gallbladder obstruction, abdominal pain
Imatinib	BCR-ABL, Kit, PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β	Yeh et al. [23] – single-arm study	Gallstones
		Breccia et al. [37] – case report	Gallstones, gallbladder wall thickening, abdominal pain
		Grant et al. [24] – phase 1 study	Cholecystitis
Sorafenib	VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, Raf, PDGFR-β, Flt-3, Kit	Sanda et al. [20] – case report	Right upper abdominal pain, gallbladder edema, acute acalculous cholecystitis
		Nexavar European public assessment report [26]	Cholecystitis, cholangitis
		Nexavar US prescribing information [25]	Cholecystitis, cholangitis
Sunitinib	VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β, Flt-3, Kit	Motzer et al. [17] – single-arm study	Acute cholecystitis
		De Lima Lopes, Jr., et al. [18] – case report	Acute emphysematous cholecystitis, right upper abdominal pain, gallbladder distension
		Gomez-Abuin et al. [19] – case report	Acute acalculous cholecystitis, right upper abdominal pain, gallbladder wall thickening

ALT = alkaline phosphatase; PDGFR = platelet-derived growth factor receptor; VEGFR = vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.