Table 2.

Residual Bladder Volume^*

	Sex	Age	N	Mean	SD	Minimum	5th Percentile	95th Percentile	Maximum
Residual volume (mL)	M†	≤40	12	9	7	0	0	23	23
	M†	>40	16	30	28	8	8	91	91
	F	≤40	18‡	15	10	5	5	36	36
	F	>40	16	17	9	5	5	42	42

SD, standard deviation.

Reprinted with permission from Esteves et al.⁴⁵

^*There is no significant difference in residual bladder volume between males and females.

^†There is a significant difference in residual bladder volume between younger (<40 years) and older (>40 years) males.

^‡One female patient had a residual volume of 256 mL; this value was considered to be abnormal and deleted from the analysis.