Table 2.
Preoperative univariate risk factors for intestinal ischemia after cardiac surgery
| Variable | N | Control group N = 18862 | Patients with intestinal ischemia N = 17 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* |
18879 |
69 (60–75) |
69 (59–73) |
0.45 |
| Female gender |
18879 |
5187 (27) |
6 (35) |
0.47 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* |
15066 |
26 (24–29) |
25 (22–27) |
0.15 |
| Haemoglobin (g/L)* |
15859 |
135 (123–145) |
130 (118–140) |
0.56 |
| Creatinine > 200 (μmol/L) |
18144 |
340 (2) |
2 (12) |
0.04 |
| Dialysis |
18652 |
226 (1) |
0 |
1 |
| Hemodynamic instable |
18876 |
272 (1) |
2 (12) |
<0.001 |
| Smoking |
8518 |
849 (10) |
2 (25) |
0.19 |
| Emergency cardiac surgery |
18879 |
1923 (10) |
7 (41) |
<0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
18653 |
1756 (9) |
2 (12) |
0.67 |
| Stroke |
18653 |
830 (4) |
3 (18) |
0.038 |
| Peripheral vascular disease |
18653 |
2388 (13) |
7 (41) |
<0.001 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction <30 % |
18879 |
1482 (8) |
2 (12) |
0.39 |
| Instable angina |
18879 |
1542 (8) |
5 (29) |
0.01 |
| Cardiogenic shock |
16091 |
282 (2) |
3 (23) |
0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation |
14786 |
1552 (11) |
2 (14) |
0.65 |
| Anticoagulants |
18879 |
2640 (14) |
5 (29) |
0.078 |
| Steroids |
18879 |
212 (1) |
2 (12) |
0.016 |
| IABP |
18871 |
576 (3) |
2 (12) |
0.094 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
18652 |
3462 (19) |
3 (18) |
1 |
| NYHA 4 | 18879 | 2652 (12) | 9 (53) | <0.001 |
N is the number of non missing values, values in parentheses are percentages, except median (interquartile range)*, BMI body mass index, IABP intra-aortic balloon pump, NYHA New York Heart Association.