Table 1. Demographic and clinical information of healthy controls, diabetes only, schizophrenia with and without diabetes.
| No schizophrenia | Schizophrenia | |||
| Healthy controls | Diabetes only | Schizophrenia without diabetes | Schizophrenia with diabetes | |
| Sample size | 190 | 106 | 127 | 55 |
| Sex, male | 59.50% | 61.10% | 64.60% | 61.80% |
| Age (years) | 53.1±7.4 | 54.1±8.0 | 53.3±8.3 | 54.4±8.1 |
| Education (years) | 9.7±3.0 | 9.5±3.4 | 9.7±2.4 | 9.8±2.5 |
| Height (cm) | 166.1±7.6 | 167.4±7.9 | 167.2±7.0 | 167.0±6.8 |
| Waist (cm) | 88.0±10.3 | 93.7±9.8* | 92.3±14.7 | 104.8±10.1* + |
| Hip (cm) | 98.0±7.2 | 100.9±8.5 | 102.8±10.0 | 101.4±8.5 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.3±13.5 | 72.4±11.2 | 69.5±13.8 | 78.5±19.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7±3.9 | 25.8±3.3 | 24.9±4.4 | 28.0±6.3 |
| Fast glucose (mmol/l) | 5.1±1.4 | 9.0±3.2* | 5.2±0.5++ | 6.2±1.6++# |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | NA | 6.3±2.3 | 4.7±0.9++ | 4.7±1.0++ |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | NA | 6.0±6.0 | 1.6±0.8++ | 2.4±1.4++# |
| High density lipoprotein (mmol/l) | NA | 1.2±0.3 | 1.4±0.6 | 1.3±0.2 |
| Low density lipoprotein (mmol/l) | NA | 2.7±0.9 | 2.9±0.6 | 2.9±0.5 |
Mean±SD.
*
indicates the comparison between healthy controls and schizophrenia with diabetes or diabetes only:
*
p<0.01.
+
indicates the comparison between diabetes only and schizophrenia with or without diabetes:
+
p<0.05,
++
p<0.001.
#
indicates the comparison between schizophrenia with and without diabetes:
#
p<0.01. NA = not applicable.