Table 1.

Comparison of muscle damage parameters

	Rest	Placebo	Fermented milk
CPK (IU·L-1)	95.7 ± 7.2	192.8 ± 26.9**	152.3 ± 14.7*
Muscle soreness
Pectoralis major (score)	N.D	5.2 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.5#
Quadriceps (score)	N.D	3.3 ± 0.5	3.0 ± 0.5
Gluteus maximus (score)	N.D	5.6 ± 0.5	5.3 ± 0.5
Total score (score)	N.D	14.2 ± 1.2	12.6 ± 1.1#

Values are represented as mean ± standard error for 18 subjects. *Statistically significant differences were at the level of p < 0.05 vs. rest. **Statistically significant differences at the level of p < 0.01 vs. rest. ^#Statistically significant differences at the level of p < 0.05 vs. placebo. CPK, creatine phosphokinase; N.D., Not Detected. The trials analyzed include: rest, rest with placebo intake; placebo, exercise with placebo intake; fermented milk, exercise with fermented milk intake.