Bar graphs showing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression in the cornea and lacrimal glands (LGs) after topical celecoxib treatment. C57B6 female mice (n = 20) were housed in a dry eye chamber for 1 week. Then, celecoxib (0.1 µg/ml, 1.0 µg/ml, and 10.0 µg/ml 3 times daily) was instilled in 1 eye for another week. Five mice in each group were killed at 7 days after celecoxib treatment, and the cornea and LGs were removed. Five control mice also were killed. mRNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for COX-2 were performed using the same protocols and primers as above (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, 1-way analysis of variance). The error bars indicate the standard deviation.