Table 3.
Demographics, Sexual Behavior, and Knowledge and Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis Among 3 Subgroups of Men Who Have Sex With Men
| Characteristics | Nonlocal MSM, No. (%) | Internet- Using MSM, No. (%) | Female- Partnering MSM, No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age group, y | |||
| 18–24 | 9795 (47.5) | 11095 (51.7) | 3334 (28.7) |
| 25–29 | 4270 (20.7) | 5050 (23.5) | 1813 (15.6) |
| 30–34 | 2833 (13.8) | 2745 (12.8) | 2122 (18.2) |
| 35–39 | 1727 (8.4) | 1376 (6.4) | 1797 (15.4) |
| 40–49 | 1380 (6.7) | 1004 (4.7) | 2066 (17.8) |
| 50–69 | 272 (1.3) | 134 (0.6) | 395 (3.4) |
| Refused/ missing | 324 (1.6) | 40 (0.2) | 106 (0.9) |
| Marital status | |||
| Never married | 15 974 (77.5) | 18 024 (84.1) | 5258 (45.2) |
| Married | 3498 (17.0) | 2615 (12.2) | 5773 (49.6) |
| Live with a partnera | 330 (1.6) | 254 (1.2) | 228 (2.0) |
| Divorced/ widowed | 794 (3.9) | 547 (2.6) | 369 (3.2) |
| Refused/ missing | 5 (0.0) | 4 (0.0) | 5 (0.0) |
| Highest education | |||
| Junior high | 5161 (25.1) | 2242 (10.5) | 3523 (30.3) |
| Senior high | 6967 (33.8) | 6468 (30.2) | 4514 (38.8) |
| College or above | 8468 (41.1) | 12 732 (59.4) | 3590 (30.9) |
| Refused/ missing | 5 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 6 (0.1) |
| Household registration | |||
| Local resident | 0 (0.0) | 9622 (44.8) | 5357 (46.1) |
| Non–local resident | 20 601 (100.0) | 11 815 (55.1) | 6270 (53.9) |
| Refused/ missing | 0 (0.0) | 7 (0.1) | 6 (0.1) |
| Occupation | |||
| Student | 3232 (15.7) | 5781 (27.0) | 652 (5.6) |
| Professionalb | 9722 (47.2) | 8533 (39.8) | 5863 (50.4) |
| Factory worker | 1938 (9.4) | 1823 (8.5) | 1915 (16.5) |
| Farmerc | 575 (2.8) | 184 (0.9) | 361 (3.1) |
| Migrant worker | 44 (0.2) | 28 (0.1) | 58 (0.5) |
| Other | 3815 (18.5) | 3665 (17.0) | 1937 (16.7) |
| Unemployed | 1275 (6.2) | 1430 (6.7) | 847 (7.3) |
| Sexual orientation | |||
| Homosexual | 11 404 (55.4) | 13 657 (63.7) | 2539 (21.8) |
| Bisexual | 7477 (36.3) | 6422 (29.9) | 7871 (67.7) |
| Heterosexual | 536 (2.6) | 232 (1.1) | 562 (4.8) |
| Not sure | 1058 (5.1) | 1028 (4.8) | 599 (5.1) |
| Refused/ missing | 126 (0.6) | 105 (0.5) | 62 (0.5) |
| Sexual behavior with men in the past 6 mo | |||
| Venues for finding male sex partners | |||
| Bars/tea houses/ dance halls | 4258 (20.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3038 (26.1) |
| Public bathhouses/ saunas | 2969 (14.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2236 (19.2) |
| Parks | 2054 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1882 (16.2) |
| Internet sites | 9622 (46.7) | 21 444 (100.0) | 3646 (31.3) |
| Other | 1231 (6.0) | 0 (0.0) | 682 (5.9) |
| Refused/ missing | 467 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 149 (1.3) |
| Noncommercial sex | |||
| No. of male partners | |||
| 0 | 2248 (10.9) | 2444 (11.4) | 1797 (15.4) |
| 1 | 5113 (24.8) | 6903 (32.2) | 2758 (23.7) |
| 2–10 | 10 243 (49.7) | 10 173 (47.4) | 5616 (48.3) |
| >10 | 1537 (7.5) | 660 (3.1) | 729 (6.3) |
| Refused/ missing | 1460 (7.1) | 1264 (5.9) | 733 (6.3) |
| Consistent condom use with male partnersd | |||
| No | 10 364 (56.5) | 10 792 (56.8) | 5601 (56.9) |
| Yes | 7730 (42.1) | 7967 (41.9) | 4130 (42.0) |
| Refused/ missing | 259 (1.4) | 241 (1.3) | 105 (1.1) |
| Commercial sex | |||
| Buying sex from men | |||
| No | 19 331 (93.8) | 20 674 (96.4) | 10 507 (90.3) |
| Yes | 1196 (5.8) | 714 (3.3) | 1086 (9.3) |
| Refused/ missing | 74 (0.4) | 56 (0.3) | 40 (0.3) |
| Consistent condom use when buying sex from mend | |||
| No | 523 (41.2) | 255 (33.1) | 507 (45.0) |
| Yes | 687 (54.1) | 468 (60.8) | 591 (52.5) |
| Refused/ missing | 60 (4.7) | 47 (6.1) | 28 (2.5) |
| Selling sex to men | |||
| No | 17 568 (85.3) | 20 170 (94.1) | 10 043 (86.3) |
| Yes | 2961 (14.4) | 1224 (5.7) | 1550 (13.3) |
| Refused/ missing | 72 (0.3) | 50 (0.2) | 40 (0.3) |
| Consistent condom use when selling sex to mend | |||
| No | 1108 (36.5) | 415 (32.6) | 567 (35.7) |
| Yes | 1849 (61.0) | 810 (63.6) | 994 (62.5) |
| Refused/ missing | 76 (2.5) | 49 (3.8) | 29 (1.8) |
| Sexual behavior with women in the past 6 mo | |||
| No. of female partners | |||
| 0 | 15 204 (73.8) | 17 760 (82.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| 1 | 3522 (17.1) | 2714 (12.7) | 8399 (72.2) |
| ≥2 | 1515 (7.4) | 746 (3.5) | 2690 (23.1) |
| Refused/ missing | 360 (1.7) | 224 (1.0) | 544 (4.7) |
| Consistent condom use with female partnersd | |||
| No | 3495 (64.8) | 2350 (63.8) | 8030 (69.0) |
| Yes | 1705 (31.6) | 1222 (33.2) | 3394 (29.2) |
| Refused/ missing | 197 (3.7) | 112 (3.0) | 209 (1.8) |
| HIV and syphilis knowledge and prevalence | |||
| Accurate HIV knowledgee | |||
| Yes | 15 056 (73.1) | 17 718 (82.6) | 7928 (68.2) |
| No | 5545 (26.9) | 3726 (17.4) | 3705 (31.8) |
| HIV and syphilis infection status | |||
| HIV-positive | 1253 (6.1) | 973 (4.5) | 506 (4.3) |
| Syphilis-positive | 2626 (12.7) | 2033 (9.5) | 1347 (11.6) |
| HIV/syphilis- positive | 375 (1.8) | 241 (1.1) | 155 (1.3) |
| Overall | 20 601 (100.0) | 21 444 (100.0) | 11 633 (100.0) |
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MSM, men who have sex with men.
a Living with a partner, male or female.
b Includes teachers, doctors, nurses, and other service industry professionals.
c Includes farmers, fishermen, and herdsmen.
d Consistent condom use only calculated for those who report having had sex in the past 6 months.
e Accurate knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention determined by correctly answering at least 6 of 8 questions.