. 2012 Jun 24;75(3):170–180. doi: 10.1007/s12262-012-0616-3

Table 2.

Therapeutic approaches targeting breast cancer stem cells

Approach	Targeting pathways/agents
Chemotherapy sensitization of BCSCs	Decreased topoisomerase II expression
	Reduced sensitivity to apoptosis
	Efflux of chemical agents
	ABCG2
	P-glycoprotein
Differentiating therapy	Vitamin A analogues
Differentiating therapy	BMP7
Targeting stem cell elimination	Traztuzamab
Targeting stem cell elimination	Epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression
Targeting signaling pathways and drug transporters	Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-catenin
Targeting signaling pathways and drug transporters	ABC drug transporters
Inhibition of regulatory pathways involved in self-renewal	Lapatinib
Inhibition of regulatory pathways involved in self-renewal	Repertaxin
Immunotherapy targeting breast cancer stem cells	Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination
Chemotherapy targeting cancer stem cells	Monoclonal antibodies
	Sulforaphane
	Decitabine
Targeting metastatic disease	NK1 receptor
	Tac1 gene
	CXCR4 antagonists